1 2322-3367 sabz institute of higher education 1426 Special Living Experience of Divorce (Case Study: Absolute Women in Darahahr - Ilam) Ghasemi Yarmohammad b Sepidnameh Behrooz c Parvizi Fatemeh d b Professor, Department of Sociology and Cultural Studies, Ilam University c Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology and Cultural Studies, Ilam University d M.A in cultural study, Ilam University 1 12 2021 10 3 9 42 17 10 2021 24 12 2021 Divorce is the annulment of a marriage contract between man and woman, which has many consequences. Divorce has different meanings for men and women. This study aims to study the life experience of women from the phenomenon of divorce. Due to the constructural nature of the phenomenon under study, the paradigm of qualitative research and considering that the knowledge of women's life experience is intended, the research method is phenomenological. The target population includes all divorced women in Darahahr city of Ilam province. The number of participants according to the principle of theoretical saturation is 20 people. The data collection tool is a semi-structured interview. The findings confirm that the negative dimension of divorce for women includes emotional distress, crisis of independence, social exclusion and restrictions on remarriage. The dimension of divorce includes social support and social acceptance and sustainability and longevity. The semantic meaning of divorce includes two conflicting categories, one is divorce as freedom and the other is divorce as re-entanglement. Before marriage, women considered the man as a reliable partner, but after divorce, the man was considered as an unreliable partner. The result indicates that intense social stigma and stigma have led to the social exclusion of divorced and distressed women.
1419 Special Sociological Analysis of the Relationship between Environmental Citizenship and Social Capital, and Socio-Economic Status among Residents aged 18 and older in Shiraz Salamatian Dorna e Mirfardi Asghar f Tabiee Mansour g Ahmadi Aliyar h e Ph.D. student of Sociology, Department of Sociology and Social Planning, Shiraz University f Associate prof. of Sociology, Department of Sociology and Social Planning, Shiraz University g Assistant prof. of Sociology, Department of Sociology and Social Planning, Shiraz University h Associate prof. of Demography, Department of Sociology and Social Planning, Shiraz University 1 12 2021 10 3 43 65 20 12 2021 25 02 2022 The extent of environmental degradation is increasing and environmental protection requires utilizing the cultural and social capabilities of human communities. The purpose of this study was to investigate the environmental citizenship of residents aged 18 and older in Shiraz and its relationship with social capital and socio-economic variables. The method of this research was a survey and the required information has been collected using a questionnaire. The study sample is 1045 residents of Shiraz who were selected using the Cluster Sampling Method. To evaluate the validity of the questionnaire, factor analysis was used, and to determine its reliability, the internal coordination of the instrument was used by Cronbach's Alpha Method. The results show that the variables of social capital, socio-economic status,  had a positive and significant relationship at the level of 99% with the environmental citizenship variable. There is a significant difference between the environmental citizenship status of the respondents according to their marital status. Married people have stronger environmental citizenship than others. In total, the independent variables explained 15.3% of the changes in the dependent variable of environmental citizenship. Environmental citizenship and social capital are synergistic. Strengthening social capital and its elements is important for strengthening environmental citizenship. 1444 Special Emotional Divorce in Married Teachers in Sirjan during the COVID-19 Pandemic Shahadadi Zahra i Maghsoodi Soodeh j i MSc, Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran j Associate Professor, Department of Social Science, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman 1 12 2021 10 3 66 92 12 12 2021 01 03 2022 The main purpose of this article is to investigate the sociological factors affecting emotional divorce in married teachers in Sirjan during the COVID-19 Pandemic. The research method is quantitative-descriptive and the technique is questionnaire. The statistical population, due to the importance of the subject and belonging to the teachers' community, are couples working in the education sector. According to the statistics of the Sirjan Education Organization, the number is 3,000, whereas based on Cochran's formula, 321 people were randomly selected. The Descriptive and inferential statistics and also the SPSS and Amos 18 software were used in data analysis. Findings indicate that among the variables affecting emotional divorce, the highest mean was sexual satisfaction and the lowest mean was burnout. The variables of sexual satisfaction, marital unity after coronation, democratic structure of power in the family, social capital (cognitive within the group) have a significant and inverse effect on emotional divorce. 92% of the variance of the emotional divorce variable can be explained by the mentioned variables. There is a significant difference between the average emotional divorce of couples in terms of number of children. 1339 Special Investigating the Relationship between the Level of Social-Cultural Development and the Level of Religious Religiosity among the Provinces of Iran hedari arman k sedaghat hamid l dehghani hamideh m fattahpoor ebrahim n k Associate Prof. of Sociology, Yasouj University l PhD student in studying Iran's social issues, Yasouj University m Ph.D. student studying Iran's social issues, Yasouj University n Ph.D. student studying Iran's social issues, Yasouj University 1 12 2021 10 3 93 125 13 09 2021 21 12 2021 Since the advent, intensification, and expansion of modernity, the relationship between religion and religiosity and development has been one of the most enduring and intense cultural, scientific, policy-making, and day-to-day challenges. In Iran, with the occurrence of the two constitutional revolutions and the Islamic Revolution and the emergence of liberal and fundamentalist religious ideas and currents, this challenge has emerged and intensified. In Iran, the relationship between religion and modernity and related debates and challenges have been mostly analyzed and studied at the level of insight or at the level of micro survey. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between the level of social-cultural development and the level of religious religiosity at the provincial level. The research method was a documentary method of secondary analysis. First, the level of social and cultural development of different provinces and the level of their religious religiosity are calculated; after the relationship between the two variables is investigated. Provincial clustering was done based on indicators of social and cultural development and religiosity using the K-means cluster method. According to the research results, at the individual level, with the exception of Khorasan Razavi and Kurdistan, respectively, all provinces that have a higher rank in terms of cultural and social development indicators have a lower rank in terms of ritual religiosity. Also at the cumulative level, provinces with low and medium levels of development have a higher degree of religiosity than developed provinces; But the difference between the religiosity of the less developed and the moderately developed provinces and the average developed is not statistically significant. 1478 Special Grounded Theory of Violence Against Wife in Borazjan ghafarinasab esfandiar o ebrahimmosavat seyed ebrahim p ghaseminejad mohammadali o Associate Professor of Sociology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Shiraz University p PhD student in sociology, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Yasouj University Ph.D. Student of Sociology, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Esfahan University 1 12 2021 10 3 126 148 28 05 2022 08 11 2022 This study uses the Qualitative Approach on violence against women, focusing on gender socialization in family. After reviewing the research and review of existing theories, using focus groups interviews, the data is collected among 15 women who have experienced husband's violence and based on grounded theory, the data has been analyzed. At first, base on codings, 42 concepts were made. Afterwards these concepts have been divided into 11 major categories and finally, based on the categories and the information obtained, Core category "Male dominated power in family" was extracted and paradigmatic model of research released. In general, according to the participants in focus group,vthe power structure in the family and the resources that are available for men than women, provide the conditions that allow men to use violence against women. On the other hand, due to less resources of women, they are inevitable to accept violence which is reproduced in the family.   1462 General Patterns of the meaning of good practice, with an emphasis on High school Social studies books Naghavi Alaei mahdi bahar mehri Master Of Social Communication Sciences, Sabz Institute of Higher Education Associate Professor Department of Cultural and Social Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tehran 1 12 2021 10 3 149 172 25 10 2021 17 02 2022 The purpose of this article is to identify and describe the meaning of good in social studies textbooks of the first secondary school. The methodology of this article is based on the combined quantitative and qualitative approach. According to the obtained findings, it is determined that: 1- Good as public and social participation 2- Good as a transsexual matter 3- Good as a transhuman practice and collective conscience 4- Good as a governmental matter 5- Good as a religious and godly. Also, the findings in the research showed that, out of a total of 249 subjects related to the components of good in social studies books of the first secondary school, 175 (70.3%) were in text form, 5 (2%) were in image form and 69 items equal to (27.7%) are presented with text and image. And among 249 subjects related to the six components of good in the social studies textbooks of the first year according to the educational level, 84 cases are equal to (33.7 percent) related to the seventh grade, 96 cases are equal to (38.6 percent) related to the eighth grade and 69 cases equal to (27.7%) were related to the ninth grade.   1484 Special The Results of the Dictator Game among Divorced Children Eshaghi Gordji Madjid Mohammadi Abbas Math teacher, Faculty of Mathematics,Statistics and Computer Science, Semnan University PhD student, Faculty of Mathematics,Statistics and Computer Science,Semnan University 1 12 2021 10 3 173 192 19 10 2021 02 01 2022 Divorce and separation of parents are the main causes of mental illness in children. Therefore, it has been decided to examine the degree of fairness and justice of divorced children as one of these variables according to the following models and in the game the Dictator. Economic analysis is usually based on the assumption that people are completely interested in themselves and that they  are looking to increase their personal gain. But in some economic experiments, there are evidences and phenomena that can not be interpreted and explained based on self-interest. In this model, people have fair tendencies and are sensitive to unequal results. In this article, at first the children of divorce and their moral characteristics have been introduced, then the game the Dictator and the model of Fahr and Schmidt (1999) has been introduced and analyze. To check the correctness of this model and its results in the case of divorced children, a  two-person experiment in the form of a dictator game has been designed. This test was performed for male and female high school students in one of the cities of Iran. The results show that a significant proportion of divorced children choose between self-interest, between fairness and self-interest. 1489 Special A Descriptive Study of Middle Class Downward Mobility in the Socio-Physical Space in Tehran Jalaepor Hamidreza Latifi Maral Associate Professor of Sociology at University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran PhD student in Sociology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran 1 12 2021 10 3 193 219 29 11 2021 01 02 2022 Social mobility takes shape of a physical aspect which makes it possible to translate downward mobility in the physical space. Huge inflation and decrease of purchasing power during the recent years have led to downward mobility of middle class in Iran. Various facets of decrease in physical and social space have to be studied. For this purpose, 20 cases who had experienced such situation have been interviewed. Making use of the most famous coding family of grounded theory, this research categorizes the interviews into contexts, causes, turning points, consequences of involuntary exit from city or neighborhood, and strategies of the outcasts. The research shows that people long after move to new place assume that residence in the new place is temporary. They are ashamed of ascribing themselves to that place trying to actively keep distance from the inhabitants. This along with exclusion from family-friend network of relations and the isolation resulted from this exclusion diminishes any possibility for their political agency in order to make a change in the state of affairs.