This research, with the aim of investigating the applied indicators of social
development, has studied the concept of social development at international and
national levels. Considering research purposes and questions, the research method is
descriptive and qualitative which has been carried out in two stages of library and
Delphi technique. The research sample size (Delphi method) consists of 30
academic experts and executive authorities in social development area, who have
been selected randomly. Finally, according to calculation of social indicators,
significance and priority in process of Delphi technique, the concept of social
development was defined and interpreted as the quality of social system through
institutionalization of development ethics, especially “ethics of social development”
in order to achieve “social solidarity (consensus)” and “social equality” for
promoting “life quality level” and enhancing the coefficient of “social security”. In
the end, social development was divided, based on scientific logic of indicatormaking,
into five-fold dimensions as well as sub-dimensions associated with it.
 

Although many experimental studies have confirmed the effect of family's cultural capital on educational achievement, evaluating the mechanism of its effect is controversial. The survey aimed at investigating the mechanism of evaluation quality into cultural capital impact on educational achievement. Using a survey method, this empirical study was conducted. In academic year 89-90, middle and high school students of Jovein Township were the population of the survey. By proportional stratified sampling, 369 students were selected as sample size. The results show that the parent’s cultural capital significantly affect the educational success of their children. However, the study findings did not significantly support the impact of evaluation causal mechanism on the children's educational success.

This paper studies the relationship between the aspects of quality of student’s lives and efficient attitude to political system and analyzes influential factors. The society of the research includes all students in three public universities in Mazandaran province and the sample size is 445 students who were selected through stratified random sampling. Research findings show that the vast extent of the two concepts: quality of students lives and efficient attitude to political system did not allow researchers to accept or reject a hypothesis, or to come a consensus. Therefore, it is not possible to consider a simple and one way relationship between the stated variables. Attaining to a real and precise relationship, all indicators and dimensions of the subject should be taken into account. The coefficient of relation between the quality of student’s lives and efficient attitude to political system is positive which approves the study hypothesis. However, this relationship could not be found in sub-dimensions of the variables being studied. The relationship between physical quality of life on two extremes, very high and low, and student’s attitude to an efficient political system was negative.

This paper deliberates on how the results from assessments of social impacts should be applied for analyzing studies. On the other words, The question is that how a researcher should comprehend different but related impacts in a systematic way. And which methodological paradigm should be chose on this systematic framework in designing social researches? Inspired by Pawson and tilly (1997), the article tries to add critical realism implications to the research design of social impact assessment studies. The critical realism paradigm by emphasizing on the organic links between different levels of reality and the way in which causal consequences appear, could be a useful theoretical and methodological framework for guiding social impact assessment studies.

Today the majority of cities encountered with increasing level of negative consequences due to rapid urban growth which threatening the overall health of the citizens.  So the idea of healthy city has captured wide attention in the contemporary urban literature and has high capacity for further studies. This research aimed to study the main indices of healthy city in the zone 2 of Qom with its high migrant oriented growth. The methodology of the research is based on descriptive and analytical methods and the required data was collected by conducting a field work to complete the given questionnaires. The main questions concentrated on the socio-economic and physical issues such as environmental health, land use and the quality of accessibility to services, urban furniture, urban aesthetics, social security, and housing.  The data were processed using SPSS. The findings of the research were analyzed by applying different statistical tests such as T- test, Tukey, One tailed ANOVA. The results revealed that the given indices have not been corresponded with healthy city standards in the whole area especially in the 3 and 4 districts of the zone 2. It can be concluded that the poor socio-economic and cultural status of the residents combined with the inappropriate management of urban authorities exacerbated the situation in the study area. 

This study investigates the factors that are influential on the collective identity of the majority of Gilaki citizens of Rasht, Iran. The study rests on a survey utilizing a questionnaire as the data gathering instrument. The population is 443,666 Gilaki citizens of the city, adults over 18. The sample size is 383 participants. The understandability of the questions is satisfied by using the face validity of the questionnaire, and the reliability is concerned by Cronbach’s Alpha.

The results show that the degree of the respondents’ inclination towards their local, national, and global identity is from medium to high levels, with the priority to respectively the local identity, national identity, and finally global identity. Also, results indicate that the collective identity has a significant relationship with the feeling of discrimination, intelligibility of the political system, and social interaction. The adjusted coefficient of determination shows that 14.6% of the alterations in collective identity are explained by the independent variables. Social interaction and the intelligibility of the political system, with the regression coefficients of respectively .338 and .148, were effective on collective identity

In the Iranian traditional culture, women's employment is not considered as a necessary matter because men are responsible for supplying the economic needs of family. On the other hand women’s interests and capabilities do not limit to the domestic activities and they can act beyond their domestic roles and much of them are interested to participate in the socioeconomic activities. Recent researches show that for Iranian women the social and psychological profits of employment have been more important than economic autonomy which it brings. Hence in this research we have tried to recognize the different aspects of this issue using the knowledge and experiences of executive managers. We choose these managers from the organizations of Tehran city. The research data has been gathered by interview. The findings show that all the managers believe in the economic, social and psychological importance of women’s employment but women had more emphasis on the economic necessity and men had more emphasis on the social necessity of women’s employment. Moreover most of the managers believed that women's employment has both individual and socio economic benefits so we need to remove the structural and cultural obstacles of women’s employment and provide the appropriate conditions for their optimum employment.

This paper investigates the social relationship and life quality. The paper analyzes a secondary data form a survey is conducted by Iranian Student’s Polling Agency, ISPA, about favorable or optimal life among University students. The sample is consisted of 20670 people in different parts of Tehran.

Results show 59 percent of respondents have average life quality and social capital and its dimensions social trust and social participation had the highest score among others. The levels of these three variables were different and significant in types of life quality.

After analysis of findings through calculation of path analysis coefficient, the results indicate that among variables influencing on the social capital, average life quality with 85 correlation co-efficiency, has the highest influence. Results indicate that average life quality increases solidarity and relation realm of individuals and it can result into the trust and finally, all these factors increase and reinforce social capital.

The main goal of this paper is to study the effect of media use especially the Internet on political behavior of Tehran University students. To this end, the effect of Internet use is investigated not only by considering the amount of access, the utilized online sources for the news-seeking, etc., but also through the effects of environmental and cognitive elements.

Population of this study is composed of students from Tehran University divided into 4 groups of Humanities, the Arts, Engineering, and Sciences. Data was collected using the survey method through conducting 295 structured, face-to-face interviews.

Findings show that the Internet is used more frequently than other media for tracking political news, with nearly 90 percent of respondents indicating that they use the Internet for the purpose of finding political news. Participation in the demonstrations among non-traditional political behaviors, and voting in elections among traditional political behaviors are more common among the students than the other political activities. The results of structural equation modeling show that the effect of media news exposure on political behavior is through the intermediate variable of political efficacy.

This paper studies socio-economic factors affecting begging phenomenon in the city of Mashhad. So, sociological and social policy approaches are used to clarify theoretical and conceptual dimensions of panhandling. Also, qualitative method and related techniques such as in deep and unstructured interviews and observation (of ways of begging) are used to collect the research data and information.  The study is based on the argument that the phenomenon of panhandling is concerned with two groups of factors including indirect (environmental enabling) and direct (individual) ones. The research findings indicate that such factors as the very identity of the city of Mashhad from the point of view of religiosity and immigration as well as features of the very beggars such as having an unfavorable physical state, the low level of education, family unfavorable situation, lack of basic capabilities, poverty and unemployment were determinant factors that intensified each other and led to the emergence of inability state and to the acceptance of begging role. The latter is also enforced and sustained through a socio and psycho humiliating process. On the contrary of the prevailing perspective that blames beggars in moral degradation and lack of laziness, the paper concludes that poverty and insolvency and related variables play higher roles in this process.

This paper studies the relationship between cultural capital and trust in foundations and organizations. Its method is quantitative and its technique is survey. The sample content includes 384 youths aged 14-29 in Shiraz who have been selected through Multi-stage stratified sampling. The Data collection tools include questionnaire, and data analysis has been undertaken via SPSS. Evaluating the validity and reliability of questionnaire has been performed through face validity and Kronbach’s Alpha coefficient.

And multi-variant regression has been used in the inferential statistics section. The results indicate that the two factors of watching satellite and television have entered the equation in all of the models, where watching satellite and watching TV lie in a negative and positive relation to the dependent variable respectively. Moreover, historical- religious and scientific aspects have entered the equation in most of the models where both of them have a positive relation to dependant variable. The individual’s education is also considered as a variant included in most of the models but with a negative relation to the dependant variable. 

This paper studies the effecting factors of occurrence in Vandalistic behavior of male and female students of Koutabdollah district of Ahwaz. According to the considered theories, the relationship between gender, socioeconomic status, educational achievement, interpersonal variables (including feelings of relative deprivation, discrimination, self-esteem, continence), and social link (home, school& friends) with incident Vandalistic behaviors are investigated. 

Survey method is used and to select the statistical sample, classified random sampling method is applied and sample size of 385 students was selected using Cochran formula. Data collection tool in this study was questionnaire and the hypotheses are analyzed using Pearson's correlation test, T test and multi-factorial regression. Results illustrate that with the exception of gender, there is relationship between all mentioned variables with Vandalism. As the research model could specify 50 percent of the independent variables variance with dependent variables, we can claim that it has a noticeable predictive power.

"Dispute" is the most basic forms of human communication that occurs under various circumstances. The main issue addressed in this paper is quality of disputes and their solutions that are mediated by generations. After reviewing the conceptual aspects, various theories have been proposed. Question model based on theoretical rudiments were designed. The main method to collect field data is in-depth interviews by various people living in Tehran that belongs to younger age (15 to 29 years), middle-aged (30 to 49 years) and elderly generations (50 years old and up) in two groups: men and women. More than forty-five interviews in this area have been collected and analyzed. Based on the information obtained, generational experiences have main role in formation of subjectivity, modes of dispute-confrontation and their strategies of solutions in various social positions. Younger generations because of their socialization and norms that gradually learning choose more faster and ejective strategies. While later generations with diverse experiences gained over the time lead to solving disputes by neglect, passivity or reform. Thus generation is a major mediator in Iranian social relations especially in dispute-confrontations.

Long experience in implementation of developmental measures based on an economic approach and without considering the environmental, cultural and social impacts of these practices has not been desirable. However, it has been found that developmental measures do not meet their goals unless specific social conditions have been provided. As the social impact assessment of developmental measures in our country has been brought into focus in different fields, it is important that appropriate models and processes should be designed. The main purpose of this article is to develop a model and guideline for social impact assessment in oil and gas projects in Iran. The method used in this paper is documentary and comparative. We, first, reviewed the general principles of social impact assessment. Then, the social issues resulted from oil industry projects in oil fields have been identified and, considering the country’s condition and the oil facilities host regions, a suitable model has been offered. Considering the range of issues that oil industry can face, there is a good opportunity for the development of social impact assessment in oil industry projects. Expanding a suitable model for this purpose can promote the efficiency of this field of study, leads to industrial development management and support its function in other different developmental actions.