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Showing 357 results for Type of Study: Research
Dr Neda Khodakaramian Gilan, Mohamadreza Heshmati, Asadollah Babaeifard,
Volume 12, Issue 2 (11-2023)
Abstract
This research investigates the semiotic analysis of the structure of religiosity in the two films "Range Khoda" and "Gadamgah". Cinema, as a powerful medium, plays a key role in the representation and reproduction of religious discourses. The aim of this study is to examine the rules, structures and religious patterns in these two films. A qualitative research method with a semiotics approach has been chosen and the visual signs present in the films have been analyzed. This research examines the role of religion in Iranian society and how it is represented in these two works. The findings show that both films contain a rich set of technical, social and ideological codes. The semiotic analysis of the films reveals that both works have extensively used religious signs to convey their messages. For example, these films present an image of religion as a source of peace, hope and meaning in life in a traditional society. Religious characters in these films are portrayed as spiritual and moral leaders of the community and the identity and meaning of the film characters are shaped through religion. In contrast, wealthy and powerful characters are less inclined to religion, while poor and marginalized characters are more likely to seek refuge in religion. Additionally, women in these films are often portrayed in traditional and obedient roles.
Dr Malihe Amani, Dr Mohammad Esmaeil Riahi,
Volume 12, Issue 2 (11-2023)
Abstract
The change in lifestyle is affected by modernity and increased awareness which has caused the increased tendency of women to be present in public and urban spaces. Using a qualitative method and a phenomenological strategy, this study sought to investigate women's socio-cultural problems and limitations in urban spaces of Tehran. The sample consists of 35 women between 20 and 67 years old living in Tehran in 2021 who were interviewed by visiting several crowded points in the north, south, east and west of Tehran. Purposive sampling with maximum dispersion has been applied. According to the results, the social-cultural problems and limitations of women in connection with urban spaces in Tehran are the feeling of insecurity in urban spaces, the appearance of poverty and lack of vitality in urban spaces, the non-recognition and acceptance of women in the public spaces of the city, people-oriented spaces , the objectification of women in terms of sex, the presence of unpleasant male behaviors, family restrictions on the presence of women in urban spaces, gender norms, structural restrictions on the presence of women in some public spaces and the use of certain vehicles and values and norms of noble woman, affected by economic and cultural capital and district of residence, as well as work and transportation. In addition, women react differently to the obstacles and limitations. By resisting the facing challenges in urban spaces, women seek to achieve creative and effective civic activism. In order to realize this objective, institutions such as families and education shall act to change attitudes and gender relations and develop the culture of acceptance of women in public spaces.
Peyman Aramesh Sedihj, Seyed Abdolmajid Bahrainian, Ahmad Mansouri,
Volume 12, Issue 3 (3-2024)
Abstract
According to the world health organization, psychosocial factors have almost an 85% impact on health. The illness is under influence of a combination of sociological, psychological and biological factors. This study examines the social and psychological characteristics of patients suffering from Rheumatoid Arthritis. The purpose of this article is to cognize, measure and compare the sociological characteristics through sociological questionnaire and psychological features of patients by the questionnaire of Early maladaptive schema and maladaptive coping strategies, and also to identify the effective social factors and psychological elements.The psychological part of the present research was a descriptive-analytical type of causal comparison and post-event. Pearson's correlation test, multivariate regression, and analysis of variance were used for the sociological variables. The statistical population of this research includes 127 female patients with arthritis. Rheumatoid Rheumatology Clinic of Imam Khomeini Hospital in 2018-2021 and there were 127 healthy people. After the diagnosis of rheumatologist, the patients were selected by targeted sampling. The instrument for measuring psychological disorders was Yang's long-form maladaptive schema questionnaire and Lazarus' coping strategies questionnaire. The questionnaire of social factors in determining sociological variables was researcher-made. In data and information analysis, Spss22 software was used. According to the results of the multivariate regression test, six social variables 1. Low economic class 2. Lifestyle 3. High family damage 4. Low emotional support 5. Low social participation 6. Low education had a significant effect on creating a psychological background and the background of rheumatoid arthritis disease. Also, the results showed that all RA patients in this study had incompatible early EMS schemas and incompatible coping strategies.
Daryoosh Jahani, Azim Ali Shai, Fateme Tilgooy Bege Jan, Mr Mohsen Moini Nasab,
Volume 12, Issue 3 (3-2024)
Abstract
Street violence is one of the types of violence in the society that occurs between individuals every year, based on statistics and newspapers. It takes a number of victims and its consequences have a destructive effect on the cultural-social situation of every country. In this research, the aim is to examine the factors effective on violence in the urban space of Ardabil. This study, in terms of methodology, is in the category of "descriptive-analytical" and paradigmatic (quantitative and quantitative) researches, and it is an applied analysis. The effective ground on the trend of violence in the urban atmosphere in the city of Ardabil. In this study, the documentary method as well as the field method (survey with the statistical community of citizens aged 15 to 64 in the city of Ardabil) based on the census of 2015 (529,374 people) and 376 people were selected as a sample by simple random sampling through the Kochran formula method has been used in four regions of Ardabil municipality. Also, Mic Mac software was used to identify key research factors. The results show that factors such as institutionalized conflict in the community, low tolerance of citizens, misbehavior with people and financial loss have had the greatest impact on verbal violence in the city of Ardabil. The institutionalization of conflict in the society is a matter of daily violence. Therefore, it is necessary for the programmers to have education and skills in the field of communication and interaction with citizens, take scientific and practical steps.
Fereydoun Taghipour, Davoud Ebrahimpoor, Samad Sabbagh, Mahmood Elmi,
Volume 12, Issue 3 (3-2024)
Abstract
This research aims to identify the challenges and solutions to the aging crisis in Iran. A targeted theoretical sampling method was employed, analyzing 27 validated research documents and conducting 10 semi-structured interviews. Data analysis was conducted using thematic content analysis based on internal validity criteria and the qualitative software MAXQDA. To assess the validity of the research, a test-retest method was employed, and the results of the two codings were obtained using Holsti's method 0/91 Research findings are: 1-The aging crisis is characterized by: marginalization and neglect, de-status, meaninglessness and the emergence of a disillusioned class, feminization of aging, inflation of needs, accumulation of diseases, feelings of worthlessness, loneliness and depression, feelings of abandonment, existential anxiety, and explosive population growth. The exacerbation of the aging crisis stem from a multifaceted explanatory network with 18 elements, including: weakening of emotional support systems, the side effects of modernization, quantitative and qualitative changes in religiosity and the loss of religious support systems, reduced opportunities for participation of older adults in society, non-supportive representations of older adults in the cultural industry, and non-supportive urban planning patterns. The explanatory framework of the aging crisis, strategic recommendations and solutions are proposed in order.
Mahsa Tizchang, Zahra Naghizadeh, Haydeh Mahdavi, Reihaneh Shahvali,
Volume 12, Issue 3 (3-2024)
Abstract
The issue of women's empowerment is one of the most fundamental issues of contemporary societies, which has an inevitable link with their development. In Iran, in the fourth development program, women's empowerment was included among macro and executive policies. To that extend, many researches in different fields have tried to evaluate and measure the issue of women's empowerment in the country. The aim of the current research is to meta-analyze the studies conducted in the field of women's economic empowerment to provide a comprehensive picture of the findings and characteristics of the obtained studies. Qualitative meta-analysis method provides the possibility of evaluating and reviewing studies in two parts, formal and structural characteristics as well as content findings. A total of 70 reviewed studies including various articles and theses shared the two keywords of economic empowerment and women. A range of virtual databases such as Normagz and humanities database to the libraries of prestigious universities of the country are the source of data collection. Results show since mid-1990s, we have faced a considerable number of studies in this field. The applied methods are mostly quantitative and based on large-scale questionnaires. The results of the descriptive findings show that the executive policies of this field are mainly partial, in line with non-functional support (dependent) and without enough attention on the specificities and different coordinates of its fields, and there is a need to focus on the different needs of women, gender and cultural norms, and the infrastructure of each region.
Dr Bahram Nikbakhsh, Dr Mehran Hafezi Birghani,
Volume 12, Issue 3 (3-2024)
Abstract
The present study aims to investigate the effect of structural variables such as the cycle of isolation, immobility and social depression taken place according to the socio-economic base of the elderly. This study was conducted on retired elderly people during the outbreak of Corona disease with the aim of analyzing the effects of the mentioned variables in pandemic conditions. The statistical population is related to the retired elderly in Ahvaz city during the last 5 years, of which 196 people were selected. The collected data were analyzed in the form of structural equations using pls-smart3 and spss software. The research findings showed that the impact of the entire socio-economic base on the variables; physical mobility (-0.378), mental mobility (-0.707), social exhaustion (0.422) and cycle of isolation (0.730). Also the effects of the total isolation cycle variable on the variables; mental mobility is (-0.488) and social depression (0.439), and the total effects of physical mobility on social depression were (-0.270). Therefore, the variable of continuation of the cycle of isolation predicts the level of social depression on the socio-economic status of the elderly (path coefficient (0.302). Socio-economic base affects the level of mobility on the physical dimension, but this influence on the mental dimension has not been confirmed. Also between the continuation of the cycle of isolation and social depression, the mental mobility variable plays a mediating role (0.265). Therefore, the results of this research can help improve the quality of life of the elderly in critical conditions and also help health and care organizations in planning and providing better services for this vulnerable group.
-- Rezvan Alahdad, -- Azam Nejadi,
Volume 12, Issue 3 (3-2024)
Abstract
This qualitative research aims to explore the underlying factors contributing to feelings of inferiority among divorced women in Tehran. The study sample consists of 34 divorced women, aged 21 to 58. Initially, an inferiority questionnaire was distributed among divorced women, and those who scored higher than 42 were selected for interviews. The analysis revealed five main themes, 23 sub-themes, and one core theme. The obtained subthemes include parents' education, family culture level, economic pressures, addiction to drugs or alcohol, lack of authoritative parents, parental illness, extreme family control and extreme family compensation, defective behaviors of family members, defective behaviors of others, resentment, anger, regret, self-accusation, withdrawal, insignificance, excuse-making, aggression, failure to satisfy psychological needs by parents, lack of problem-solving skills, change of child custody and fear of others' judgments. The main themes of life are seeking power and superiority, weak interpersonal relationships, protective tendencies, and feelings of inadequacy and insecurity. According to the research question, the core theme of this research is the feeling of inferiority. According to the propositions obtained, the current research includes three aspects. First group is divorced women less than 30 years old; The second group is divorced women over 30 years old and the third group is divorced women over 50 years old. In each of these groups, some underlying factors are more prominent than others. In the first group, the extreme control and compensation of the family, the defective behavior of the family and others, and communication with the opposite sex through virtual space. In the second group, changing the custody of the child, communicating with the opposite sex and forming a temporary marriage, lack of problem solving and using substances and alcoholic beverages, and in the third group hatred, anger, aggression and regret are obtained.
Mr Alireza Sadeghi, Dr Akbar Salehi, Dr Saeed Zarghami Hamrah, Dr Yahya Ghaedi,
Volume 12, Issue 4 (4-2024)
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to identify the discontinuities in the discourse formulations of the teacher training system between the establishment of Dar al-Funun School and the establishment of Farhangian University. Therfore based on genealogical method and break analysis assumptions, descent analysis, zero analysis and coincidence analysis of this system have been done in three stages. Accordingly, based on descent analysis and zero analysis, the creation of a teacher training system is dependent on the formation of a new education system and has been modified or changed during this period. Coincidence analysis shows the existence of scattered events, each of which has had an effect on the country's teacher training system, such as Iran's defeats against Russia, the victory of the constitutional movement or global events such as the World War II, which have affected this system. The analysis of power shows through examining the statutes and instructions of the teacher training system in this period of time, that from Foucault's point of view, power is trying to control, normalize and shape governed subjects through various techniques, creating people's behavior.
Amir Rastegar, Mostafa Karami,
Volume 12, Issue 4 (4-2024)
Abstract
This study aimes to investigate the relationship between cultural capital and interactivity with attitudes towards aggression among students of Takestan secondary schools. For this purpose, the present study follows the logic of quantitative research. Thus, students of the first secondary school of Takestan were studied as the statistical population. A number of 357 people were selected as the research sample, the sample size was calculated according to the Cochran formula and the sampling was done using the random sampling method. Also, data was collected using a questionnaire. The SPSS software was used to analyze the data. The results show that demographic characteristics are related to attitudes towards aggression. Among the measured demographic characteristics, educational background, age, and gender play the largest role in students' attitudes towards aggression. Also, family characteristics have a positive effect on attitudes towards aggression. Among the family variables, father's job, mother's job, and father's education have a greater contribution to students' attitudes toward aggression, respectively. Also, according to the research findings, students' cultural capital has an inverse relationship with attitudes toward aggression. In the first step of examining the obtained results, it was determined that the amount and volume of cultural capital affects students' attitudes toward aggression. As this type of cultural capital increases, the level of attitude toward aggression decreases. People with higher cultural capital have a less positive attitude toward violence than others. Students each enter school with different cultural capitals, and establishing communication begins to affect their moral characteristics and personality formation. Therefore, their interactivity and communication skills, as the ability to express correct verbal and non-verbal characteristics, affect aggression.
Elham Ali Hadizadeh Andohajerdi, Dr. Soodeh Maghsoodi,
Volume 12, Issue 4 (4-2024)
Abstract
This study aims to examine the organizational factors influencing work-family conflict among firefighters in Kerman. The research employes a descriptive and correlational method. The statistical population includes all firefighters working in the Kerman Fire Department in 2023, from which 141 individuals were randomly selected. A structured questionnaire has been used to assess organizational factors and work-family conflict. The data collected is analyzed using SPSS software. The findings reveal a direct and significant relationship between the sense of role importance and work-family conflict. Additionally, there is an inverse and significant relationship between organizational commitment, job satisfaction, organizational justice, and work-family conflict among firefighters. The most significant predictor of work-family conflict is the perceived importance of the employees' roles. These results can serve as a model for organizational leaders in Kerman, providing guidance on how to create a more supportive environment to reduce work-family conflict among employees.
---- Seyed Kamaleddin Mousavi, --- Mahdieh Kazmian,
Volume 12, Issue 4 (4-2024)
Abstract
The present paper, studies Intra-Generational social mobility in Kashan as a transitional society. Knowing the level of mobility, its effective factors and the strategies used in this process has been the main goal of the research. Giddens, Mc-Clealand and Bourdieu's theories, form the main theoretical base of the research. The statistical population of the research includes all citizens aged 25 to 64 in Kashan, out of which 385 people were selected through Cochran's formula and studied by cluster sampling method. Findings show that, the amount of intra-generational mobility relatively equals 40%, the majority of which experienced only one degree i.e. short-range mobility. Variables such as education and lack of belief in chance have played an effective role in the intra-generational upward mobility of the respondents. The studied society has mainly used economic and educational strategies in order to promote intra-generational upward mobility.
Hosein Moghaddam, Dr Mehri Bahar,
Volume 12, Issue 4 (4-2024)
Abstract
This article examines the model for utilizing the gaming industry in Iranian charitable organizations. In the recent years, the intersection of the gaming world and philanthropy has garnered significant attention through innovative approaches such as interactive environmental games and charity streams. These approaches not only challenge negative stereotypes about gamers but also enable the collection of donations and public education on charitable issues. Despite the high number of video game players in Iran, this potential has yet to be seriously leveraged to support philanthropic organizations. This study explores global experiences and examines the opportunities and challenges in the field through interviews with eight experienced gaming industry experts. It offers practical strategies for developing these relationships in Iran. Additionally a paradigmatic model for using the gaming industry in philanthropy in Iran has been designed. This research indicates that video games, with their access to a large and diverse population, can help raise awareness and attract donations for charitable causes. Furthermore, the interactive nature of games offers unique opportunities for educating on social issues and inspiring players to take action. The article suggests that Iranian charities and philanthropists equip themselves with gamified thinking to develop innovative activities that lead to increased investment and social participation. Ultimately, this research highlights the significance of video games as an innovative tool in philanthropy and their role in improving the social and economic quality of life in society.
Sobhan Mohammadi, Atefeh Ahmadi, Simin Shamsi Meymandi,
Volume 13, Issue 1 (7-2024)
Abstract
The level of people's concern about their body image is strongly related to their quality-of-life scores. Considering the importance of the role of facial skin diseases which have the most manifestation in the person's appearance on the quality of life and body image of people, as well as the impact of these diseases on different aspects of life, this study aims to investigate the effect of facial skin diseases on the quality of life and body image of referring patients to the skin disease clinic of Afzalipour hospital in Kerman city. This study is a descriptive cross-sectional survey that has been conducted in the skin clinics of Kerman city in 2023. People filled demographic checklist, Dermatology Life Quality Index and body image concern inventory. The obtained information has been entered into the system for statistical data analysis. The SPSS-23 was used for the statistical analysis of the data. In the current study, 308 patients with facial skin disease were included in the study. The average age of the subjects was 27/26 ± 8/47. The frequency of skin diseases was acne 75.32%, Cutaneous leishmaniasis 9.09%, vitiligo 5.19%, rosacea 4.22%, urticaria 3.90%, and Basal Cell Carcinoma 2.27%. The results of the current study show that the impact of facial skin diseases on the quality of life and body image of the general population is moderate but under the age of 30, facial skin diseases have had a high impact on the quality of life and body image.
Payman Mehrnezhad Boura, Mohammad Taghi Pirnia, Yaser Shahbazi,
Volume 13, Issue 1 (7-2024)
Abstract
Innovative technologies aligned with social innovation have the potential to enhance urban infrastructure. This research aims to assess the smartness of Tabriz city from the perspective of social innovation. By integrating smartness and social innovation, this study has extracted dimensions, criteria, and indicators of social innovation's smartness. These six dimensions include smart governance, smart living, smart economy, smart transportation, smart citizens, and smart environment. The Tabriz metropolis, has been selected as this case study. Results indicate that Tabriz's smartness is below average, with the smart environment scoring the lowest and smart living scoring the highest among the dimensions. To provide effective recommendations, the SOAR model has been defined and ranked by experts, identifying key strengths, opportunities, aspirations, and results. Using the quantitative assessments questionnaires, and the SOAR model have led to five strategies: extensive citizen engagement, transformation of smart urban infrastructure and services, green economy, improvement of quality of life and equitable access, and integrated, efficient urban management based on the social innovation approach. By implementing these strategies and establishing appropriate relationships among stakeholders, the smart city of Tabriz is realized through social innovation.
Miss Fateme Farahani Monfared, Dr Mehdi Akbari Amoli, Mr Mehdi Alavi,
Volume 13, Issue 1 (7-2024)
Abstract
The aim of the meta-analysis research is to identify the determinants of bullying in school. The research is applied in terms of purpose and the method used is meta-analysis. The study population is all international studies conducted in the field of determinants of bullying in school. By studying 166 articles and reports from the last 20 years (from 2004 to 2023), only 38 important articles were identified that met the criteria and were selected using purposive sampling. The Hedges approach meta-analysis method was used. The time range of data collection is between 2022 to 2024, and the sources used were scientific and research articles and research project reports received from scientific databases. In the analysis section and to improve the power of the test, the effect size index was used, and the comprehensive meta-analysis statistical software (th2CMA) was used to perform the meta-analysis. The findings show that 6 effect sizes with low intensity, 11 effect sizes with medium intensity, and 4 effect sizes with high intensity were evaluated. The average effect size of the seven categorized hypotheses in the fixed effect model was 0.32 and 0.31 in the random model, which was significant. The findings show that out of the seven categorized hypotheses, six significant hypotheses were obtained. Results show that bullying behavior in school had a significant effect on violence, academic failure, depression, low psychological adjustment, and feelings of suspense and insecurity, but the effect of bullying behavior in school was not significant on anxiety. It is necessary to conduct more research on examining and identifying longitudinal causal relationships between the effects of the subsequent variables of bullying behavior in order to better understand the direction of the real effects.
D.r Pouran Omidvar, D.r Tahereh Mohsenzadeh, Sana Malekzadeh, Professor Mohammad Reza Masjedi,
Volume 13, Issue 1 (7-2024)
Abstract
Smoking is one of the major factors that threatens the health of teenagers, which teenagers tend to use very easily. Considering the widespread prevalence of smoking behavior among teenagers, it is necessary and important to know the reasons for its tendency. Based on this, the current research entitled "Investigation of the causes and factors affecting the frequency of adolescent tobacco use", is a descriptive-analytical research with a quantitative approach, which using a survey method, studies the etiology of adolescent smoking among seventh grade students in Rabat Karim city in the academic year 2022-2023. For sampling, 20 educational centers were selected from 79 educational centers by stratified random sampling method which 750 students from 956 of them of them participated voluntarily. Among the sample size, information was collected using a questionnaire tool, and this population was reduced to 700 people after collecting the data and removing the incomplete questions. The SPSS software was used to analyze the obtained data. The results of the research show that the following criteria are involved in the adolescents' tobacco consumption: the experience of smoking among family members, smoking by males at home, the experience of smoking hookah by all family members, along with the low education of parents, as well as weak family supervision. Publicity of smoking and the initiation of smoking at home are influential family factors. Also, social factors such as the experience of smoking hookah among relatives and the use of tobacco by friends, the way of spending free time, type of school, gender, and the individual factors of curiosity and age have been influential with the tendency of teenagers towards tobacco.
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