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The success of developmental interventions due to its complex and multidimensional nature and reaction of the people against its effects, in most cases require to pay attention about social background of that actions. Social impact assessment (SIA) can be called the management of developmental plans impacts to sustainability especially in the social dimensions and its purpose is a level of development that minimize the cost and maximize the benefits of planned interventions on human societies. Public participation has crucial role in SIA and show under what conditions people are ready to co-operation with developmental plans. So assessment requires to understanding of the views of people that affected by the developmental interventions and socioeconomic and political context of this interventions. This research meanwhile investigating the philosophy and theoretical foundations of SIA, has analyzed its role in development of social partnership and empowerment of people, using knowledge and information of all actors, dialogue, negotiation and transparency in project management and conflict management between stakeholders. The results show that this participatory approach try to create good interaction between the social system actors and increase their power to influence on the local and national relations in developmental programs that result of such area, is human and more sustainable development in society.

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Under the influence of urbanization, socio-cultural and economic factors diversity change of the people lifestyle. Preferences of people demonstrated in leisure activities, clothing, nutrition, body management, architecture and interior layout is smart homes. This study aimed to examine social factors, cultural and economic impact on the lifestyle of the inhabitants of the villages has become a city in Khorasan Razavi Province khaf and Roshtkhar done. Theoretical research is based on theories of Ibn-Khaldun, Bourdieu, Giddens and Cheney have been developed. Survey and Data has built a questionnaire. The results show that lifestyle changes in Nashtifan and Salami influenced by cultural factors and economic factors have caused in Jangal. The test research hypotheses show that among participation of social, political and administrative organizations, ways and means of communication network, the spirit of individualism, identity and relationships, indirect and secondary classes as agents of social, cultural and educational facilities, media consumption and cultural capital as cultural factors, consumerism, shopping, tend to speculative interests, fading support joint economic prosperity as economic and lifestyle factors, there is a significant relationship.

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Social trust, generalized trust, institutional trust, social participation, social-economic status

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Social and political life of human society depends on the cooperation and participation of its members. It will be built through public contributions and education as a social system requires the participation and cooperation of all the people. The system can process without the effective participation of people in different aspects of their education as well as practical. This research is descriptive and to investigate the reasons for people's participation and contribution in the development of educational space is Mazandaran province. The sample of 143 participants from all donors school design and construction managers, officers and experts associated with the school activities in the province were in 1392. A questionnaire was used to collect data. The statistics in this study, the frequency table, frequency, and charting and analytical in order to use data from the sample and identify significant statistical differences between the views, binomial test and Friedman Used. The results show that for economic reasons, social, cultural participation and cooperation of the people in order to develop effective educational space, but the results were indicative of the priority ranking of the cultural, social and economic participation.

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Abstract: Introduction: Women are half of active population in every country. This half of population is not only objecting of any development but also is the effective leverage in advance of economic development goals. Goals: The goal of this research is to study of factors effecting on level of women social participation in Mazandaran province cooperative production in year of 1390. Research method: This research is study descriptive- analytical from cross- sectional. The study is survey and the theoretical framework of this research is Parsons' theory of social action. The research population is 1472 people from women who are selected and studied based on Cochran formula that the samples of the population are 305 and the members of the population are selected by simple random sampling. Findings: T he survey shows that there isn't any meaningful relationship between women's activism and their social participation, but there is meaningful relationship among generality, rationalization, evaluation of the benefits of participation, social trust , hope for the future, married and women's education with their social participation. Results: Results of findings of regression model shows that variables as education, social trust, hope for the future, generality have the highest effective on women's social participation in turn. The 8th independent variables can explain 0.42 percent of changes related to the dependent variable.

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Studies have shown that most of the existing problems in the water sector are the outcomes of unsustainable methods of development caused by unawareness and lack of public training. Researchers have found that the social systems and mechanisms affecting water cycle are beyond the scope of water management and that the issue of water crisis must be addressed in the frame of social entities and systems, which are known as the water governance. The objective of this study is to identify the criteria and indicators of sustainable governance and to prepare an appropriate training program towards its realization. The tool for evaluation was a questionnaire and the research methodology was of descriptive survey. The validity of the indicators was established by taking into account the views and comments of relevant scholars and experts, and the reliability of the indicators was calculated as 0.869 using the Cronbach’s alpha formula. All criteria and indicators were graded in the fuzzy environment using the relevant software. The results show the criterion of public participation to be more sustainable than other governance criteria, while the indicators of training scored higher than others. Since the realization of sustainable governance becomes facilitated by increasing public awareness about the importance of environmental issues, the research proposes an appropriate training model to increase public participation.

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Abstract

The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between social capital and women’s participation in sport. The study was conducted using survey and the data were collected through questionnaires. The population consisted of women upper than 19 years of age and the sample consisted of 500 women. The sample was selected using multi-stage random cluster sampling. To analyze the data and to test the research model, the researchers used regression and SEM using Amos. The analyses of the data indicated that women in Ilam participate in professional sport (15%), regular sport (188%), health-oriented sport (17%), recreational sport (15.2%), and irregular exercises (8%). Additionally, 26% of women follow no sport activities. Furthermore, the results indicate that social participation (organizational membership and social network), and social trust (interpersonal, general, civil and institutional) can respectively explain .268 and .366 of the variance in sport participation. Together, they explain .59 of the variance in women’s sport participation.

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In this study, using the Network Analysis, the topic of Development and Underdevelopment in Iran, has been studied, with Historical-Experimental Approach and using Secondary Analysis of Empirical Findings. This study is based on analysis of some National Surveys, particular, a National Survey on Iranians Cultural Behaviors and two National Surveys on Iranians Values ​​and Attitudes, which have been conducted, respectively, in the years 1999, 2000 and 2003. Overall, our findings suggest that there are relationships between variables of Social Capital, Social Development. Our assumption in this study was that Lack of Social Capital has led to Lack of Social Development, and this phenomenon, in turn, can play an important role in Underdevelopment of Society. These findings suggest that in terms of some important elements of Social Development, such as Trust in Social Groups, Social Participation, Commitment to the Social Values ​​and Norms, Belonging to National Identity and Culture in Iranian Society, the situation is not desirable. In our opinion, the lack of Social Development would lead to Underdevelopment of Society. Consequently, if we want to achieve the goal of Comprehensive Development of Society, we should provide required backgrounds to increase the levels of Social Capital, and consequently, Social Development.

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As the most important channel of political communication, mass media can play sensitive and determinant role in political participation. So by the way, doing scientific research about the role of mass media in political participation is very important and have enough necessary. With respect to it, the goal of the study was to identify the relationship between mass media usage and political participation. Based on the opinions of Lerner, implant, Replacement, Mobilization. Research method is survey method; hence 407 citizens with over 19 years old were selected and studied using random sampling. Research – made questionnaire was used to collected data which its validity was approved using nominal validity and its reliability using Cranach' alpha. The results indicated that there is a significant relationship between usage level of TV, press and non – textbook with the level of political participation. It also showed that there are significant different between gender and political participation, where as the measure of male political participation is higher than female 

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The present study aimed to investigate the effective sociocultural factors on social participations of Bandar Abbas citizens. The population of the study consisted of all citizens of Bandar Abbas city who were 18 years old or older the total population included 400 people, who were interviewed by multi-level cluster sampling. The independent variables of the research included social trust, sense of social belonging, social responsibility, sense of powerlessness and individual factors social participation was considered as the dependent variable of the research and was assessed both objectively and subjectively. Finally, the results of the study revealed that there was a significant correlation between social trust, sense of social belonging, social responsibility, sense of powerlessness, age, education, job status and income, and social participation of Bandar Abbas citizens, with the significance level at 99% whereas, variables such as gender, marital status and being indigenous had no correlation with citizens' social participation. Besides, the respondents were objectively so ready for social participation, but subjectively, they showed a lower participation level. Therefore, generally, citizens of Bandar Abbas appeared to have a low level of social participation.

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این تحقیق به بررسی ارتباط بین شبکه اجتماعی با دو نوع مشارکت سیاسی منفعلانه و فعالانه بر اساس مدل­ میانجی­ای می پردازد که در آن بحث سیاسی، اثربخشی سیاسی و فرهنگ سیاسی به عنوان متغیرهای میانجی درنظر گرفته شده­اند. جامعه مورد بررسی کلیه دانشجویان دانشگاه اصفهان می باشدکه از طریق روش نمونه گیری سهمیه­ای به تعداد 390 نفر انتخاب شدند. با تقسیم مشارکت سیاسی به دو نوع منفعلانه و فعالانه نتایج نشان داد در حالیکه مدت زمان عضویت در شبکه­های اجتماعی تاثیر منفی­ای بر روی بحث سیاسی و اثربخشی سیاسی می­گذارند، اما عمیق شدن فعالیت در شبکه­های اجتماعی و واقعی تلقی کردن محتوای شبکه­های اجتماعی با ایجاد تاثیرات مثبت بر روی افزایش بحث سیاسی، اثربخشی سیاسی و فرهنگ سیاسی باعث بهبود وضعیت مشارکت سیاسی فعالانه در جامعه می­شود. اما یافته­ها نشان می­دهد که مدل نظری پژوهش در مورد مشارکت منفعلانه(رای دادن در انتخابات) تایید نمی­شود.

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The concept of participation and its application in various sciences particularly urban planning has been considered by thinkers and experts since several decades ago. The experience has proved that the participation to conduct urban affairs causes improving the efficiency, assigning the cost toward social priorities and fundamental projects. Nowadays, necessity of citizenship participation to enhance the physical and social condition of the cities is not inapparent over anyone. the main purpose of this article is to explain the direct/indirect relationships among the most key of urban participation barriers in Iran. To this end, it is used the interpretive structural modeling (ISM) and Matrice d’Impacts Croise´s Multiplication Applique´e a´ un Classement (MICMAC) analysis under fuzzy environment. The ISM method is interpretive as the judgment of a group decides whether and how the factors are related. It is structural as an overall structure is extracted from the complex set of factors on the basis of relationship amongst the elements of the system. The article research method is descriptive and analytical so that its part of descriptive included the literature review of urban participation barriers and problems in Iran, and its part of analytical encompassed the explanation of relationships among the barriers.

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 Political participation is the main component of political development and  according to the fact that students are considered from political development agents and brokers, their interests are important . The present study dealt with how and why the political participation of students among the students of the Kurdistan University ­­. In the theoretical section , based on the results obtained from the study of empirical sources and reviewing the empirical sources of an integrated conceptual framework ,  it has been formulated in the context of the underlying questions and key assumptions.Research has been conducted by means of the questionnaire using the questionnaire Descriptive descriptions of the study show that the degree of political involvement The students, among the dimensions of political participation , are more involved in low levels of political participation such as voting and participation in elections and a little percentage in political parties and contacts with officials .

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Given the importance of social participation and the use of community-based approach in the development of communities, the present study seeks to identify the key factors affecting social participation in community-based organizations of addiction prevention with a scriptwriting approach. Research is in an inductive deductive approach, both quantitatively and qualitatively, which is applied in terms of exploratory nature and purpose. The statistical population of both qualitative and quantitative stages were experts active in the field of community-based prevention of addiction, which was selected through snowball sampling. To collect data in the qualitative stage, library studies, valid research on the subject and interviews with research samples were used. In the quantitative stage, data were collected using two Mick Mac questionnaires and status analysis. In this study, to measure validity, while using face validity, triple interaction was used and the data were analyzed with the help of SPSS software, Mikmak and ScenarioWizard. According to the research findings, 9 factors were identified as key factors affecting social participation, 30 possible situations for 9 factors and two categories of promotional and preventive scenarios for social participation in community-based organizations of addiction prevention.

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