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Showing 23 results for زنان
Dr Malihe Amani, Dr Mohammad Esmaeil Riahi,
Volume 12, Issue 2 (11-2023)
Abstract
The change in lifestyle is affected by modernity and increased awareness which has caused the increased tendency of women to be present in public and urban spaces. Using a qualitative method and a phenomenological strategy, this study sought to investigate women's socio-cultural problems and limitations in urban spaces of Tehran. The sample consists of 35 women between 20 and 67 years old living in Tehran in 2021 who were interviewed by visiting several crowded points in the north, south, east and west of Tehran. Purposive sampling with maximum dispersion has been applied. According to the results, the social-cultural problems and limitations of women in connection with urban spaces in Tehran are the feeling of insecurity in urban spaces, the appearance of poverty and lack of vitality in urban spaces, the non-recognition and acceptance of women in the public spaces of the city, people-oriented spaces , the objectification of women in terms of sex, the presence of unpleasant male behaviors, family restrictions on the presence of women in urban spaces, gender norms, structural restrictions on the presence of women in some public spaces and the use of certain vehicles and values and norms of noble woman, affected by economic and cultural capital and district of residence, as well as work and transportation. In addition, women react differently to the obstacles and limitations. By resisting the facing challenges in urban spaces, women seek to achieve creative and effective civic activism. In order to realize this objective, institutions such as families and education shall act to change attitudes and gender relations and develop the culture of acceptance of women in public spaces.
Mahsa Tizchang, Zahra Naghizadeh, Haydeh Mahdavi, Reihaneh Shahvali,
Volume 12, Issue 3 (3-2024)
Abstract
The issue of women's empowerment is one of the most fundamental issues of contemporary societies, which has an inevitable link with their development. In Iran, in the fourth development program, women's empowerment was included among macro and executive policies. To that extend, many researches in different fields have tried to evaluate and measure the issue of women's empowerment in the country. The aim of the current research is to meta-analyze the studies conducted in the field of women's economic empowerment to provide a comprehensive picture of the findings and characteristics of the obtained studies. Qualitative meta-analysis method provides the possibility of evaluating and reviewing studies in two parts, formal and structural characteristics as well as content findings. A total of 70 reviewed studies including various articles and theses shared the two keywords of economic empowerment and women. A range of virtual databases such as Normagz and humanities database to the libraries of prestigious universities of the country are the source of data collection. Results show since mid-1990s, we have faced a considerable number of studies in this field. The applied methods are mostly quantitative and based on large-scale questionnaires. The results of the descriptive findings show that the executive policies of this field are mainly partial, in line with non-functional support (dependent) and without enough attention on the specificities and different coordinates of its fields, and there is a need to focus on the different needs of women, gender and cultural norms, and the infrastructure of each region.
-- Rezvan Alahdad, -- Azam Nejadi,
Volume 12, Issue 3 (3-2024)
Abstract
This qualitative research aims to explore the underlying factors contributing to feelings of inferiority among divorced women in Tehran. The study sample consists of 34 divorced women, aged 21 to 58. Initially, an inferiority questionnaire was distributed among divorced women, and those who scored higher than 42 were selected for interviews. The analysis revealed five main themes, 23 sub-themes, and one core theme. The obtained subthemes include parents' education, family culture level, economic pressures, addiction to drugs or alcohol, lack of authoritative parents, parental illness, extreme family control and extreme family compensation, defective behaviors of family members, defective behaviors of others, resentment, anger, regret, self-accusation, withdrawal, insignificance, excuse-making, aggression, failure to satisfy psychological needs by parents, lack of problem-solving skills, change of child custody and fear of others' judgments. The main themes of life are seeking power and superiority, weak interpersonal relationships, protective tendencies, and feelings of inadequacy and insecurity. According to the research question, the core theme of this research is the feeling of inferiority. According to the propositions obtained, the current research includes three aspects. First group is divorced women less than 30 years old; The second group is divorced women over 30 years old and the third group is divorced women over 50 years old. In each of these groups, some underlying factors are more prominent than others. In the first group, the extreme control and compensation of the family, the defective behavior of the family and others, and communication with the opposite sex through virtual space. In the second group, changing the custody of the child, communicating with the opposite sex and forming a temporary marriage, lack of problem solving and using substances and alcoholic beverages, and in the third group hatred, anger, aggression and regret are obtained.
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