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The present study seeks to investigate the role of cultural-historical attractions of rural destinations in the development of cultural tourism in the rural areas. This is an applied research conducted in a descriptive-analytical method. Based on studies on two cities of Mashhad and Binalud, 14 rural areas with­ historical and cultural attractions were selected as the sample. Using Cochran's formula, the volume of tourists and the host community was determined 196 and 222 respectively. The scope of analysis in this study was "households". The data acquired from questionnaires were analyzed using the statistical analysis methods. The findings show that in these villages, attractions, facilities, services and cultural factors higher than the moderate level, can totally have a positive effect on socio-cultural, cultural-environmental development and development of cultural tourism in general. Besides, in ARAS model for socio-cultural dimension of cultural tourism, the village of Miami was on the top, and the village of Chahak was in the last place. Also according to the research findings, despite many problems in the study area, taking care of the facilities and rural infrastructure of the villages with tourist attractions and relevant advertisements in Mashhad ­can make way for growth of cultural tourism

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This study aims at comparing teacher feedback to peer feedback. A group of 18 Iranian FL learners of Safir Language Academy and an FL teacher were participants of this study. The learners were divided into nine dyads and they participated in four essay writing sessions. The participants wrote on the same topic and genre and their written drafts were reviewed by both peers and the teacher. The sociocultural theory was used as the framework of this study and comments were analyzed based on two models. Firstly, they were categorized into local or global comments. Secondly, they were classified into four major categories, namely clarity, problem, explain, and suggestion.  Based on the findings, both teacher and learners were concerned with local matters during peer feedback and showed less interest in addressing global matters of writing. Moreover, the analysis of the comments indicated that the most frequent feedback type produced by the teacher was explain while the least frequent one was problem. Conversely, the most frequent peer feedback was problem and the least frequent one was explain. The results of the current study have some implications for English instructors and learners.

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In this paper, with the aim of evaluating the position of cultural spaces in contemporary urban development plans, it is first to calculate the extent of the shortage of any cultural needs with the standard per capita amount; Then, using Topsis Technique, based on the current per capita levels of educational, religious, social, tourism, recreational and sports services in detailed plans, ranking the metropolitan areas of Isfahan in terms of access to services cultural. In the next step, in order to analyze and evaluate the proposed per capita in the comprehensive, the relationship between the population of the city with per capita and the area of each cultural land use, and the area and per capita relationship of each of them were analyzed using SPSS software So, in each of the meaningful relationships identified, the functions of the 10 statistical predictions are obtained and the optimal functions are selected. The results of Regression relations show that in the comprehensive plan of the city of Isfahan, there are no relationships and systematic practices for per capita of social and cultural land use. 

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The statistical population of this study is all farmers in Garmsar County, which according to the statistics of the Agricultural Department, the number of them is 5675 people. Of these, 366 people were selected randomly according to the Cochran formula, and information were gathered through a researcher-made questionnaire. The research method is quantitative and we have tried to use the multivariate modeling of structural equation to test the model derived from the theoretical framework of the research. The theoretical framework of research is the theory of peasant subculture and Bourdieu's theory of cultural, social and economic capital types. The findings show that experimental data support the theoretical model based on different types of processing indicators. Also, the assumptions that indicate a meaningful relationship between different types of capital and peasant subculture were confirmed, and those that emphasized the existence of a meaningful relationship between different types of capital and the attitude towards water use in agriculture were rejected. There is also a significant relationship between peasant subculture and the attitude towards water use in agriculture. According to the final result, various types of economic, cultural and social capital indirectly affect the attitude toward water use through the peasant subculture variables.

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Access to justice is a concept that implies the practical and operational dimension of accessing individuals in judicial institutions and solving their legal problems.Equality of access to justice for all segments of society is really important, but most women have faced difficulties in accessing judicial institutions, especially in family matters.The emphasis of this paper is on the impact of cultural barriers on women's access to family justice within the current context of society. With regard to the annual growth of women who go to family courts, consideration of the issue from the perspective of women can be more important.Based on this, a qualitative method is adopted with deep interview technique. The findings of the study are the result of in-depth interviews with 50 women having experience of family court. The results of this research show that, from the perspective of respondents, the effective cultural barriers to access to family justice are including cultural values, lack of self-confidence and self-esteem, religious beliefs, education and specialized knowledge of the subject, patriarchy, language, structure and gender stereotypes.Also, according to the intersectional theory, the intersection of cultural barriers with the underlying factors of the respondents can be formed different experiences within the same context.

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The purpose of this study is to reflection the social agency of female students in the course of socio-cultural transformation in the society, was designed in the interpretiveism paradigm and qualitative approach using phenomenological method. The data collection tool was a deep, unstructured interview. Participants included 60 faculty members, Social activists, and female students from four provinces of Gilan, Qom, Kurdistan and Sistan and Baluchestan selected by targeted strategies and sample with maximum diversity. Data were analyzed based on a seven-step Colaizzi's strategy and the obtained classes. The findings show that although some contributors "the damage caused by women's academic education" in areas such as " Lack of work for men "," delayed marriage "," full-time female out-of-home employment "," increased moral scrutiny "and even" serious divorce ", but they still believe that changes in the field of women and social change It depends on the increase of women's social empowerment, the point Haye is turning to the consequences of increasing access to higher education in the country, "the transformation of beliefs," "the new style of life for women," "the erosion of gender stereotypes," "understanding the new identity for girls," and "increasing the sense of empowerment" of these transformations.
 

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Abstract
Contemporary environmental poetry is a subjective kind of poetry with an organic totality in which tradition and modernism are challenged clearly. Environmental poetry is on the peak of the pyramid of local literature and is regarded as the background for classical poetry. Highlighting environmental ideas and creating such a room in the linguistic environment creates a specific piece of poetry with a particular application. Asadollah Emadi, Ali Akbar Mahjorian and Jalil Gheisari are among the pioneering poets in environment poetry in Mazandaran whose environment poetry elements enriched their poems formally. Asadollah Emadi, Ali Akbar Mahjorian and Jalil Gheisari are among the pioneering poets in environment poetry in Mazandaran whose environment poetry elements enriched their poems formally. In addition to composing poems, these poets have produced novels and research works in issues related to culture. In this study, geographical, socio-cultural and economical features are investigated in the poetic works of the three environment-oriented poets in Mazandaran. Results show that environment-orientation, imagery, patriotism, disobedience and objection, attention to local and tribal culture (customs, traditions, beliefs) and local language are among the features which occur in high frequency. Research methodology employed in this study is descriptive-analytical using library and the Internet resources.

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The taste and fashion for Bourdieu is an obvious and simple thing in the nature of modern society, and can be understood by the social hierarchy of society. one of the most important factors in this research is that there are several factors in this research to be part of it in terms of globalization in the culture sphere. The aim of this study was to understand the relationship of cultural globalization and consumption tastes in the  thirty-year-old generation (the decades of 1350 to 1370 AD) in the city Shiraz. Data from the survey on 425 women and men gathered and analyzed have been exposed. The results show that cultural globalization has had a great influence on the consumption tastes of this generation; Among the variables of cultural globalization, individualism (32.6), ICT (6.5) and Reflexivity (2.8) significant relationship with the dependent variable respectively, Which together could explain about 42% of respondents' tastes; This number tells us that 42% of  respondents' tastes variations are affected by the variables of globalization.

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Socio-cultural characteristics and climate have always been recognized main factors influencing the physical formation of ritual spaces architecture. The purpose of this study was to evaluate these criteria. This research is a combination of qualitative and quantitative research. The method of the present study is descriptive-survey and to evaluate the importance of each criterion, the opinions of experts with a questionnaire and data analysis with SPSS software and Likert scale have been used. Statistical population including nine Tekiehs in Mazandaran in two climates were purposefully selected. According to research findings, the results showed that among the "criterias of Socio-cultural ", "Religion” in historical Tekiehs (4.60) and “Beliefs" and "Social relationships" in contemporary with average (4.30) and (4.30) are the most important in the formation of Tekiehs architecture of Mazandaran. Concerning "criterias of climate", the results findings showed that "venacular architecture"with weight (4.30) is more important than other criterias in historical Tekiehs. Also in contemporary Tekiehs, the criterion of "climate characteristics" with weight (3.55) is important. The results showed that "Socio-cultural characteristics" and "climate" have a positive and significant effect on the Tekiehs architecture of Mazandaran, in which the role of "Socio-cultural characteristics" is more important in climate indicators

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The purpose of this study was to analyze the content of social studies textbooks of elementary school based on multicultural education. The research method was quantitative content analysis. The statistical population of the study was social studies textbooks of the second elementary school. The statistical sample was also social studies textbooks of the second elementary school. The data collection tool was a multicultural training component checklist that extracted based on literature. The results show that the most attention and frequency related to the component of the reflection of ethnic, religious, and linguistic diversity (53 cases) and the least frequency  was in components of approximation to other religions (0 case), Anti-discrimination and racial prejudice training (0 case) and equal distribution of resources and educational opportunities (0 case). Since elementary school textbooks have received little attention to multicultural education and components such as non-racial bias, and equitable distribution of educational resources, it is expected that curriculum developers at the national level pay more attention to these components in the new curricula.
 

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evaluation is one of the important levels of policymaking and scientific evaluation needs the related indicators. So the main goal of this article is compiling indicators for cinema economics in Iran. The used method is applied and analysis of second data. for compiling indicators documentary method is used and all indicators were collected from Iranian and other studies. the result list was sent to  the experts (by snowball method). finally Iran's cinema economics is analyzed by second data. interview and calculating are used for some data lacking. the results show cinema economics was not so successful in last decades. cinema income was in growing process but it was for inflation of ticket price and cinema goers was in reducing manner (in spite of late years decrease). therefore cinema GDP is very insignificant. occupation opportunities in cinema is depend to producing and cinemas

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The purpose of this study was to design a Pattern for training and excellence of a mechanism for cultural development of strategic commanders and managers. For this purpose, qualitative phenomenological research method was used. Targeted sample consisting of 10 commanders and strategic managers and researchers and faculty members specializing in excellence were selected as key informants. By carefully analyzing the interviews, the extracted categories of excellence and training of commanders and strategic managers were divided into several axes. At the highest level of excellence, commanders and managers were identified in three dimensions: individual and psychological, professional, doctrinal and political. The individual and psychological dimension has the components of general knowledge, communication knowledge, specialized knowledge, tacit knowledge, managerial knowledge and personality. The professional dimension includes the components of professional attitude, professional motivation, human skills, technical skills, perceptual skills and decision making skills. The doctrinal and political dimensions include the components of political insight, doctrinal insight, and divine and religious insight. Also, excellence training strategies include excellence relationships, excellence assignments, excellence evaluation, excellence training, and self-excellence actions.

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Tourism is the most important factor in generating wealth and employment in the world. Cultural tourism has been one of the main forms of tourism in Iran and developing countries. Cultural Tourism can open the new gates of knowledge, development and sustainability for communities.
The aim of this study is identify and assess the direct and indirect effects of each factor affecting the development of Cultural tourism. For this purpose, first with comprehensive review of the literature and opinions of experts in this field, factors affecting the Cultural tourism of Yazd Province identified and uses Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM).
According to the results, "Infrastructure, facilities and adequate Accommodation”, “Advertising Programs and information about cultural attractions” and “cultural expert guides” are the basic factor of Cultural tourism development in Yazd province that should be serious attention from Managers in this industry. The results of this study will help policy makers to choose the best path or developing Cultural tourism.
 

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Since the advent, intensification, and expansion of modernity, the relationship between religion and religiosity and development has been one of the most enduring and intense cultural, scientific, policy-making, and day-to-day challenges. In Iran, with the occurrence of the two constitutional revolutions and the Islamic Revolution and the emergence of liberal and fundamentalist religious ideas and currents, this challenge has emerged and intensified. In Iran, the relationship between religion and modernity and related debates and challenges have been mostly analyzed and studied at the level of insight or at the level of micro survey. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between the level of social-cultural development and the level of religious religiosity at the provincial level. The research method was a documentary method of secondary analysis. First, the level of social and cultural development of different provinces and the level of their religious religiosity are calculated; after the relationship between the two variables is investigated. Provincial clustering was done based on indicators of social and cultural development and religiosity using the K-means cluster method. According to the research results, at the individual level, with the exception of Khorasan Razavi and Kurdistan, respectively, all provinces that have a higher rank in terms of cultural and social development indicators have a lower rank in terms of ritual religiosity. Also at the cumulative level, provinces with low and medium levels of development have a higher degree of religiosity than developed provinces; But the difference between the religiosity of the less developed and the moderately developed provinces and the average developed is not statistically significant.