The present article aims theoretical and empiricalexplanation of the relationship between Religiosity and Sports participation. This research was done with a Survey and 380 students of Yazd University in 93-94 academic year were selected by method of harmonic proportion as participants according to Cochranformula. Exams of validity and stability were high. According to results of research, level of women religiosity was more than men, but men have had morepartnership in sports than women. There is a direct and meaningful relationship between religiosity and Sports participation and in between, the components of religiosity were considered thatdimension has the most powerful relationship with variable of Sports participation. According to regression results, five dimensions of religiosity totally explained 32%of changes of Sports participation.

The success of developmental interventions due to its complex and multidimensional nature and reaction of the people against its effects, in most cases require to pay attention about social background of that actions. Social impact assessment (SIA) can be called the management of developmental plans impacts to sustainability especially in the social dimensions and its purpose is a level of development that minimize the cost and maximize the benefits of planned interventions on human societies. Public participation has crucial role in SIA and show under what conditions people are ready to co-operation with developmental plans. So assessment requires to understanding of the views of people that affected by the developmental interventions and socioeconomic and political context of this interventions. This research meanwhile investigating the philosophy and theoretical foundations of SIA, has analyzed its role in development of social partnership and empowerment of people, using knowledge and information of all actors, dialogue, negotiation and transparency in project management and conflict management between stakeholders. The results show that this participatory approach try to create good interaction between the social system actors and increase their power to influence on the local and national relations in developmental programs that result of such area, is human and more sustainable development in society.

Under the influence of urbanization, socio-cultural and economic factors diversity change of the people lifestyle. Preferences of people demonstrated in leisure activities, clothing, nutrition, body management, architecture and interior layout is smart homes. This study aimed to examine social factors, cultural and economic impact on the lifestyle of the inhabitants of the villages has become a city in Khorasan Razavi Province khaf and Roshtkhar done. Theoretical research is based on theories of Ibn-Khaldun, Bourdieu, Giddens and Cheney have been developed. Survey and Data has built a questionnaire. The results show that lifestyle changes in Nashtifan and Salami influenced by cultural factors and economic factors have caused in Jangal. The test research hypotheses show that among participation of social, political and administrative organizations, ways and means of communication network, the spirit of individualism, identity and relationships, indirect and secondary classes as agents of social, cultural and educational facilities, media consumption and cultural capital as cultural factors, consumerism, shopping, tend to speculative interests, fading support joint economic prosperity as economic and lifestyle factors, there is a significant relationship.

The aim of this study is to measure the bio-environmental effects on the development of mass-tourism Tameshkelvillage (Tonekabon) located on the north of Iran. This study measures the attitude of the host and guest community and the objective documents. The area of the present study covers 18 villages,2481 households, and 9024 people who live in Neshtai district in Tonekabon.The method used for this study is a survey with random sampling.More than 190 households lived in 9 sample villages and 180 tourists responsed to the questionnaires. The data were gathered and analyzed by parametric statistic tests. The results show that the development of tourism and the poor management in the local villages have negative effects onthe natural resources destruction, the misusage of farmland and gardens and the increase of environmental pollutions. The results also clear that based on the attitudes of host and the guest comunition and the objective documents and lack of effective programings caused negative results on the bio-environmental tourism in the area.

Discourse evolution of foundations, variables and influencing factors in development have led to conceptual evolution in the relation between " communication and development" , So that it's effects are also seen in development planning documents. Historical study of this evolution process in one hand, and recognition of both similarities and differences of important development plans on the other hand, present highlighting process of communication role in this field. Comparative study of communication in Sixth development plan(1355) that is the last development plan of prior regime and fourth development plan(1383) that is the first plan according to Iran's 20-year outlook plan presents historical similarities and differences from development and communication concepts. Prior sixth plan has studied " "informational and communicational aspects of national development planning" on the base of "transition from a traditional society to an information society" in 1355 by the Joint Committee on Information and communication planning, and the fourth development plan's mission is defined "knowledge-based sustainable economic growth "Based on Iran's 20-year outlook plan's goals. This paper describes and analyzes the concept of" communication "and" development" by content analysis of the theoretical documentations of tow plans (the report of planning Joint Committee of information and communication of sixth plan "(1355) and theoretical bases and documentation of fourth development plan "(1383) ) Based on this research, in sixth plan (1355), "national development" as developing aim and "transition from a traditional society to an information society" is problem of the country communication. These two concepts have been followed through Fourth plan (1383) with the goal of "sustainable economic growth" in development and "knowledge-based society" in communication.

The relationship between technology and cultural context is considered by many scholars. Whereas managers as part of their duties, develop organizations' technology, analysis of environmental changes can help them predict the dominant technology. In this study, whilst introduce the different approaches of relationship between technology and culture, different aspects of this relationship and the intricacies of this process has been studied library. Historical trends indicate that the interaction of culture and technological developments. Opposition of Cultural elements of the "Heritage" and "technology" is at the heart of this interaction. Role of government decisions and policies of traditional intellectuals and ideology in the balance of this contrast is undeniable. In this study, in a model inputs and outputs of the technological development in the short and long term has been identified and "Birth to decline" process of a technological style in a cultural context has been studied Which can be used to improve the cultural policies of industrialized countries.

Social trust, generalized trust, institutional trust, social participation, social-economic status

Today, we observe changes in women demands and needs in society which they are aimed to realize their lost right, and achieve the gender equality. The present research has been done to study socio-cultural factors affecting the gender inequality, and variable, including democracy ideology, gender stereotyp beliefs and gender socialization have been researched. In this research, the gender inequality theories of feminists, Chafts gender inequalities views and Bordiew theory have been used. The statistical population of this research included women aged 20-49 of the Esfahan city that 385 of them were chosen as a sample. The sampling method is stratified in this research. The research findings indicated that the rate of gender inequality specially in cultural- economical dimentions is in favor of men. Also, there is no significant relationship between the gender streotypes beliefs and patriatich ideology and the gender inequality. However, the findings showed a significant relationship between the socialization style and gender inequality.

To clarify the rather general and indefinite concept of research-based schools as the criterion variable, an attempt was made based on structural and functional definitions of research-based schools to provide a framework of a conceptual map, so that a multi-dimensional concept could be selected. It considered personal, interpersonal, and structural dimensions for measuring the variable. The research method was descriptive utilizing a survey. The sampling population covered all teachers in Mazandaran province. A convenience sampling was employed to collect data from 360 testee using a researcher-made questionnaire, which was based on qualitative studies and literature reviews. To determine the validity of the technique, its content and face validities were measured. Accordingly, the content validity was 0.73 based on the Lash content validity index (1999). The Cronbach's alpha test was used to measure the reliability of the test. The reliability levels calculated for the internal and external structure of the school were 0.92 and 0.90 respectively. Reducing variables was applied utilizing the exploratory factor analysis and statistical method for modeling structural equations by partial least squares. Based on the relationships among observed variables and unobserved variables, the influence of each variable on research-based schools, and the factor loadings and T-Value between the variables, the results indicated that problem-solving, curiosity, critical thinking, collaboration, information literacy, cognitive skills and self-esteem were prioritized respectively. The results for the goodness of fit estimation regarding the scale of research-based school represented that the study enjoyed a construct validity.

Social and political life of human society depends on the cooperation and participation of its members. It will be built through public contributions and education as a social system requires the participation and cooperation of all the people. The system can process without the effective participation of people in different aspects of their education as well as practical. This research is descriptive and to investigate the reasons for people's participation and contribution in the development of educational space is Mazandaran province. The sample of 143 participants from all donors school design and construction managers, officers and experts associated with the school activities in the province were in 1392. A questionnaire was used to collect data. The statistics in this study, the frequency table, frequency, and charting and analytical in order to use data from the sample and identify significant statistical differences between the views, binomial test and Friedman Used. The results show that for economic reasons, social, cultural participation and cooperation of the people in order to develop effective educational space, but the results were indicative of the priority ranking of the cultural, social and economic participation.

In the modern world, changed social norms and values with socio-economic changes. One of the most important changes is Marriage and the family structure. By creating opportunities for women in the community and access to education and employment for them has been created tendency to delay marriage age. Women tend to play a new role and redefine their identity. Purpose of this research, is studies the girls lived experience of over 35 years through the grounded theory approach. The girls emphasized on their independent social and individual identity. They have to redefine their identity. However there is a pressure of traditional identity on the girl. Family and community emphasized to their marriage. Girls also tend to marry. In addition some structural factors effect on increasing the age of marriage and be single in girls. The girls have conflict in definition and construction their traditional and modern identity. They try to that balanced between traditional and modern identity.

The present paper aims to examine developing market orientation constraints and opportunities in Iranian higher education. In doing so, mix method was applied. A purposive sample of 10 informants consisting of higher education and marketing experts and deans was selected. After the implementation of interviews, to analyze data, open, axial, and selective coding system was applied. The initial questionnaire was designed, in order to validate components and Based on the findings of qualitative research phase. After verifying the reliability and validity, was conducted on the sample of 120 non-governmental deans of higher education institutions. A quantitative validation component was performed using the software PLS by factor analysis. And eventually, components were ranked using the Friedman test. Results show higher education market orientation constraints in order include economic constraints, institutional, administrative, educational, political, cultural and social; and Opportunities in order include internal efficiency, economic, educational and public. 

Abstract:

Postmodernism is a new course that all components of modern and tradition also criticizes period. The virtual world is post-modern culture and media culture in this type of culture, cultural uncertainty disappears and media superficiality of thought is deeply social activists. Theories of postmodernism in the android market is growing strongly in our society. Yet empirical research was done in our community about postmodernism. The study of postmodern society that express the cultural elements of which experts are and which of these elements have penetrated into Iranian society. The research survey of 384 young people 29-16 years of Yazd examined. The survey instrument was a questionnaire and multi-stage cluster sampling was used. The results showed that there was no significant relationship between gender and post-modernism, post-modernism, even though some of the components of a meaningful relationship established with sex. There was no relationship between place of birth and post-modernism. The use of satellite and postmodernism, there was a positive and significant relationship. Variable use of satellites as well as 17% of the variance in the independent variable is explained.

در شرایط امروزی ایران، آشفتگی های تاریخی، اقتصادی و فرهنگی در بطن و فیزیک معماری بی­تأثیر نبوده­اند و نوعی ناهمسانی و ناسازگاری میان معماری و زندگی جاری در ایران ایجاد کرده­اند. بخشی از این آشفتگی­ها برخواسته از ناهمگونی میان ذائقه معماری و سبک زندگی است که نهایتاً منجر به بی علاقگی شهروندان و ساکنین محلات به محله و منطقه زیست­ خود می­شود. چیذر یکی از محلات دارای سرشت تاریخی و مذهبی در شمیرانات تهران است که از این آشفتگی­ها مصون نمانده است.

در این مقاله با استفاده از نظریه جامعه­شناس آلمانی، گئورگ زیمل، سعی شده است با به­کارگیری های ترکیبی اعم از اسناد و مدارک و روش پرسشنامه در میان محلی­های بافت چیذر به شناسایی عناصر دارای مفهوم "دلزدگی"- در چهار بخش اصلی محله بپردازیم تا در مطالعات بعدی با استفاده از چنین بازخوردهایی به معماری صحیح و دور از دلزدگی انسان کلان­شهری در این محله با هویت شهری پرداخته شود. به عقیده زیمل در کلان­شهر به دلیل تحریکات عصبی با پدیده روانی "دلزدگی" مواجه هستیم و معماری امروزی می­بایست پاسخی به آسیب­ها و فقدان­های  انسان مصرف کننده ای باشد که دیگر اکنون کلان شهر را تجربه می کند. در پایان این مقاله با ارائه چندین راه­کار تلاش جهت رفع این دلزدگی­ها در بافت چیذر صورت گرفته است که یکی از آنها تلاش در جهت ایجاد محیط محلی است.

This article by using the Almond and Verba the political culture, political culture as Ryshh¬Ha and principles of participatory political culture Tby- gives studied. The approach of this paper, sociological approach is thus rooted cultural and social-political culture degree discussed. In this context, the aim of this study was to investigate the influence of social capital on the political culture of citizens in the city Isfahan respectively. The research methodology used in collecting and analyzing data, survey respectively. This study was conducted on 359 residents of the city, for gathering information, using a questionnaire which its validity, the validity, and reliability, using Cronbach's alpha Marh¬ and data SPSS22 were analyzed through software under Windows environment. Social capital is divided into three variables (cognitive social capital, social capital and social capital structure), with regard to the participatory political culture that Hmbstgy¬ They are observed significant cognitive social capital among respondents participatory political culture there. In this regard, the results show that social capital Shakhtar on participatory political culture influence and increase their participation in the political culture in throughput.

Educational and cultural services in different regions of Iran have been distributed unequally in such a way that Yazd province has the most and Sistan and Baluchistan province has the least amount of educational and cultural services in national level. Therefore, the present study has been conducted with this objective to identify factors affecting the development of mentioned services, determine the centralism levels of the provinces and predict factors affecting the improvement of the status quo. The method employed in this research is descriptive-analytical which was conducted using models of factor analysis, concentration coefficient, educational services and cultural development indicator (ECDI) and multivariate regression. The findings of the present study indicate that from 64 primary indicators, 49 selective indicators having reduced into 5 significant factors and in sum determine 65.48 percent of the population variance, are effective on the development of educational and cultural services of Iran. In terms of development of desired services, 9 provinces are located in supra-developmental levels, 10 provinces in upper semi-developed level, 4 provinces in lower semi-developed level and 7 provinces in lower-developed level. To reduces the imbalance and inequality among the regions, multivariate regression predicts the proportion of the factor "educational-administrative and student personnel" more than other factors.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of social networks on political activism among students was Esfahani. Actors, ability and having the will and the ability of social action and the use of tools, symbols, signs in the context of social values, and mechanisms in technologies, for mutual communication. Political actors in dialogue and collective behavior within the range of interests, institutions and social networks, formation and expansion of civic participation and political action of the web 2. The method used in this study is a survey. Techniques of data collection was a questionnaire whose reliability is the formal method - content and its reliability was measured by Cronbach's alpha statistic. The research population consisted of all undergraduate university students that volume 384 samples were selected by cluster sampling. The data collected and analyzed using spss software was analyzed. The results of the analysis of the data showed that social networks and political action in case there is a significant relationship.

In the process of technology transfer are many elements that affect the effectiveness of this process. One of these cases, organizational culture. Organizational culture that affect from national culture can underlie the success or failure of the technology transfer process. For this purpose this study examined, the role of organizational culture based on Hofstede's framework in the effectiveness of technology transfer. Accordingly, in order to check the model, managers and experts in technology-oriented companies that have experience of participation in international technology transfer, particularly  as Statistical population were examined. A total of 89 managers and experts in various fields of technology transfer as the study samples were analyzed. Findings of the hypothesis reflects the role of organizational culture on technology transfer (to determine the success and failure). The results also showed that Normative/pragmatic and open/closed system are the most role in the effectiveness of technology transfer.

National identity is a subjective sense of belonging to a specific national group, which is accompanied by a complex set of cognitions and emotions that express one attitudes towards this  group and other national groups.This study aims to study the social  and cultural factors related to national identity among over 15 year old citizes of Eghlid by the theory of  Castells as theoretical framework. The  method of this study was quantitative survey with questionnaire. 400 young people (over 15 year old) in Eghlid city by multistage cluster sampling were elected and were analyzed. The validity of questionnaire by face validity were obtained and reliability of research was verified by Cronbach's Alpha.Base on findings among 8  hypotheses in the study, 7 hypotheses were verified. Multivariate regression has shown that rate of religiosity (22 percent), age (6  percent), the communicative network expansion (5 percent) and rate of using media (3  percent) have explained 36  percent of the variations of dependent variable (national identity).