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Mohammad Ghanbari, Mohammad Ajzae Shokuhi, Mohammad Rahim Rahnama, Omid Ali Kharazmi, Salman Al Hasan,
Volume 11, Issue 2 (10-2022)
Abstract
Livable cities are places for social life, the creation of beauty, the presence of all residents in the public space without pollution and traffic. Social principles and its values have a special position in livable city. The thresholds of social satisfaction and identity values are very important in livable city. The main goal of this research is analysis on Mashhad metropolis livability with emphasis on culture and social sustainability indicator. The research method of this research is practical in terms of goal, and is descriptive – analytical in terms of methodology. Based on the GIS Software, maps related to the status of each of objective sub-indicators according to the limits of Mashhad metropolis's zones were drawn. For mental indicator, including 15 questions, questionnaire have been applied for a sample size of 402 persons in all zones of Mashhad. The results of this research show the zone Samen (13) of Mashhad metropolis is the best zone in terms of culture and social sustainability indicator, followed by zones 8. By contrast, zones 2, 4 and 7 have the worst conditions in terms of culture and social sustainability indicators.
Zahra Taghizadeh Ghavam, Hamideh Reshadat Joo, Rasol Davodi,
Volume 11, Issue 2 (10-2022)
Abstract
The aim of the present research is to provide a model of an effective training system for the principals of primary education in Tehran. The research method is exploratory in terms of the applied purpose and the type of data, and in terms of the nature and type of study is qualitative part, self-emerging foundation data, and in the quantitative part, a cross-sectional survey. A number of thirty experts in the field of educational sciences were selected by a targeted snowball method and with the criterion of theoretical data saturation. In the quantitative part, the research population included all the principals of elementary school in Tehran, randomly selected. The research tool was a semi-structured interview in the qualitative part and a questionnaire in the quantitative part. Data analysis was analyzed and evaluated in the qualitative part through coding and in the quantitative part with the help of confirmatory factor analysis test. The research results show a model composed of eight dimensions of leadership and policy making, management structure, effective training, executive management, executive requirements, educational design, educational planning, evaluation and monitoring, which are 36 components and 154 indicators.
Dr Manoochehr Reshadi, Dr Eshagh Gheisarian,
Volume 11, Issue 2 (10-2022)
Abstract
Delay in marriage age is one of the phenomena occurring after modernity. Many young people are facing a delay in marriage due to various reasons. The main goal of the current research is to discover the meaning and reasons of increase in the age and delay in marriage among the youth of Ilam province. In the methodological part, qualitative methodology and theoretical strategy have been applied. 24 young people have been selected purposefully. In the initial coding, 115 initial concepts were obtained, which were removed by screening the codes that were duplicated, finally, 80 codes and initial concepts were obtained, and further classified into 22 categories. Results show that economic status, pursuit of idealism, continuing education, reluctance to marriage, selection criteria and personal injuries (causal conditions), customs, being a family helper, way of communicating with others, lack of preparation and lack of trust in others (intervening conditions), living environment, lack of marriage institution, family structure and fear of others' experience (background conditions), fun activities, pleasure taken away from life and communicating with the opposite sex (paths), inappropriate mental and psychological characteristics, being unplanned, not delaying the age of marriage (consequences). The involuntary delay in marriage age is the core of the present study.
Dr Leila Alavi,
Volume 11, Issue 2 (10-2022)
Abstract
This study examines the lived experience of powerful women who are victims of domestic violence in Iranian society with a qualitative phenomenological approach. Data has been collected in 2021 through semi-structured in-depth interviews with 7 powerful women who were purposefully selected from Tehran. The findings show that domestic violence does not disappear for powerful women, but its types changes. Patterns and themes related to the questions were extracted through theme analysis. The main themes of the social contexts of domestic violence are role conflict, imbalance in the construction of power in the family, the social label of the experience of violence, and the lack of legal protection for the victim. The themes related to the consequences of experiencing domestic violence in powerful women include resilience, negative self-evaluation and depression. Also, the main themes of transpathy of the experience of domestic violence are denying the superiority of men, optimism and emphasizing on their managerial position as a woman. What emerges from the findings is that powerful women who are victims of domestic violence, are affected by hegemonic patriarchal structures, and also, they are victims of the continuation of the cycle of violence resulting from their complicity with their abusive husbands.
Dr Houshang Garavand, Mohammad Reza Nazari,
Volume 11, Issue 2 (10-2022)
Abstract
Some studies indicate the negative effects and some indicate the positive aspects of Internet on various aspects of its users' lives, but it seems that excessive use of any media fuels its negative consequences. The purpose of the current research is to analyze the Antecedents and Consequences Socio-cultural of Internet addiction using a systematic background review approach. This research was conducted by qualitative method based on systematic and systematic background review. In the process of systematic review, 83 articles were identified from 2002 to 2022, and by carefully studying the text of Persian articles by university professors and experts, 48 articles were identified. Social anxiety, social capital and social phobia are respectively the strongest antecedents and social isolation, social adjustment and opposite sex orientation are identified as the strongest socio-cultural consequences. Due to the heterogeneity in the studies, the effect size of the purposeful sampling method in researches related to antecedents and consequences was higher than other sampling methods. Internet addiction increases social isolation and orientation to the opposite sex and decreases social adaptation, and is affected by social anxiety, social capital, and social phobia.
Dr Arman Heidari, Dr Sirous Ahmadi, Mrs Tahereh Momenimanesh,
Volume 11, Issue 3 (1-2023)
Abstract
The quantitative increase of the elderly and the ever-increasing consequences of aging have led to naming the first day of October every year as the International Day of the Elderly. The growth of the elderly population has many effects, and the health of the elderly in physical, mental, and social dimensions and the individual and social factors related to it are among the most important of these effects. In this regard, the present article has examined the relationship between the elderly's general health and the variables of self-care and social support in Yasouj city. The used method and the instrument to collect data are quantitative- survey and questionnaire respectively. The sample size is 259 individuals and the stratified random sampling proportional to the volume has been selected as the sampling method. Based on the results of the research, the average perceived health of the elderly in the dimensions of physical, mental and social health is higher than the average. The variables of Caring behavior and formal support are the most influential variables in the physical health dimension; the variables of informal support, formal support, caring behavior, women and the level of relationship with relatives are the most effective variables in the mental health dimension. The variables of informal support, caring behavior, formal support and the level of social relationship with relatives are the most influential variables in the dimension of social health of the elderly. Therefore, attention and differentiation of multiple dimensions of health and related variables are essential for doing scientific researches and social policy- makings.
Negar Nasimafza, , , ,
Volume 11, Issue 3 (1-2023)
Abstract
The present study was conducted with the aim of understanding the social consequences of flooding in Saadi slum of Shiraz city from the perspective of the involved women. Sampling was done purposefully, and data was collected using a semi-structured interview technique. The qualitative method of thematic analysis was used for data analysis. The main themes that emerged from the data analysis are: increased vigilance and concern on the part of women in the face of warnings, limitations and difficulties encountered by women in evacuating their homes prior to the flood, suffering from malnutrition and various diseases after the flood. reduction in economic power, exposure to various forms of violence, expectations placed on women by their families and society that are beyond their capacity and enduring long-term psychological damage caused by floods for all women.
Enayat Souri, Omid Ali Ahmadi, Mohammad Hosein Asadi,
Volume 11, Issue 3 (1-2023)
Abstract
This research examines the intergenerational social capital among men and women in Tuyserkan. The method is survey and the population includes men and women over 15 years old in 2020. According to Morgan and Karjesi, 392 people were selected by cluster sampling and have answered the researcher-made questionnaire. Validity by experts' agreement, formal, and structural methods are estimated 0.75, 0.76, and 0.84, respectively. Also, reliability by the internal consistency method is obtained 0.82. The data is analyzed by SPSS-26 software and with ANOVA and independent T-test. The results show there is difference among all three generations and between men and women in terms of social capital. The older generation has more social capital. There is relationship among intergenerational variables, gender, age groups, income, type of job, marital status, education, place of residence, age of marriage, presence in the community, and social capital variable. There are differences among different generations in terms of presence in society, individual and social freedoms, social trust, and social mobility. Also, there is difference between men and women in terms of variables of social mobility and presence in the community. Therefore, paying attention to the generation gap in the light of social capital is particularly important.
Mohsen Safarian, Ali Moradi,
Volume 11, Issue 3 (1-2023)
Abstract
This study examines the relationship between people's awareness of citizenship rights and their desire for social participation, with an emphasis on citizens over 21 years of age in Kermanshah. The method used in this research is quantitative approach and in terms of practical purpose, it is a description of the survey type. The studied population is the citizens over 21 years of age of Kermanshah city, which according to the extent of the statistical population; 400 people were selected using SPSS Sample Power software and studied by cluster random sampling method. The tool for collecting information from the respondents is a researcher-made questionnaire, which is obtained using construct validity. The reliability is obtained using Cronbach's alpha technique. The data has been later analyzed using SPSS statistical software. The results show that the social participation rate of the respondents is 149.77 and the citizenship rights average is 80.53, which is compared to the expected citizenship rights average of 99. The correlation results show that there is a significant relationship between the level of awareness of citizenship rights in the dimension of civil rights, political rights, socio-economic dimension and group cultural rights with the desire for social participation. The results of the regression equation also show that the citizenship rights variable explains 0.31 of the changes in the dependent variable.
Seyyed Ali Asghar Hosseini Nozari, Reza Fazel, Hossein Kordi,
Volume 11, Issue 3 (1-2023)
Abstract
The main purpose of this research is how the merchants played a role in Iran's constitutional revolution in order to achieve extra-capital, until the formation of the second parliament. The research method in this research is historical and used to collect information from first-hand sources such as memories and chronicles and second-hand historical sources. Based on the findings of the research, merchants in the constitutional revolution, played a revolutionary role, using their economic-social capitals, and were able to play a major role in the victory of the constitutional revolution, achieving extra capital and forming the first parliament of the National Council. But merchants, after gaining extra capital and participating in the government arena (by winning about 40% of the seats in the first parliament), changed their role from revolutionary to conservative and reactionary, and the result was the closure of the first parliament by Mohammad Ali Shah. A passive role in the second constitution was the presence of 5% of merchants in the second parliament of the National Council and the loss of extra capital.
Ms Semiramis Shahesmaili, Mr Taghi Azad Armaki, Ms Farah Torkaman,
Volume 11, Issue 3 (1-2023)
Abstract
The fundamental changes during the last few decades have resulted in a variety of concepts and perspectives about the family. The present study provides a summary of the theories in the form of naturalist and constructivist by reviewing and detailing the theories. This study also clarifies the conflict over the position of the family and its future, as well as the theoretical logic of the current analyses in a more general horizon. In this study, the research layout is of a qualitative type and the theoretical approach of genealogy is conducted with a thematic analysis method and categorization technique. The theoretical reading of the family under the naturalistic type has resulted in the advent of the continuity-rupture duality which has formulated the bipolar type of the family in crisis or the ideal family. Furthermore, the reading of the conceptual space of the family under the constructivist type has led to an unprecedented definition including different types of perceptions of the family. Based on the research findings the naturalistic type in family sociology has led to the formulation of the continuity-rupture theories. However, its alternative approach namely the constructionist type has enabled the possibility to encounter family changes, not in the sense of rupture, but as a lifestyle change. This study is of paramount importance due to passing the theories of rupture and considering new possibilities in the theoretical return to the family.
Dr Ali Saei,
Volume 11, Issue 3 (1-2023)
Abstract
This study focuses on the cycle of authoritarianism in post-revolutionary Iran. The epistemic foundation of the pattern of authoritarianism dynamics in Iran is the democratization theory. This study claims that the democratization dynamics moves the Iranian society from the authoritarian regime to the democratic transition stage. In this process, the authoritarian regime collapses and the democratic transition period begins. In a very short time, the process of democratization in the transition zone gets stuck, and then gradually the historical trajectories move it toward authoritarianism. In response to the reproduction of the wave of authoritarianism, a revolutionary movement usually occurs. This movement leads to the collapse of the authoritarian regime. This study claims that a cyclical pattern has been prevalent in Iran during some historical periods. It means that Iran has experienced the democratization of the authoritarian system, but it has alternated back and forth between democratization and the authoritarian regime. The theoretical argument is that the cycle of authoritarianism is explained by a conjunctural causation. The causal conditions are the quality of political institutions and the agency of elites in power and social actors. Society moves towards authoritarianism if political institutions are exclusive and the agency of power elites is based on structural constraints on the opposition and social actors have structural limitations in their strategic choices. This study used a historical approach to the analysis of the authoritarianism cycle. The analysis resulted in the proposition that if the path of democratic reforms is closed, authoritarians choose the strategy of repression and radical actors choose the strategy of violence. In this case, the dynamics of authoritarianism will gradually lead to the stagnation of power, and then the force of radical actors will move the society toward the collapse of the ruling regime.
Shamsi Pourabasi, Jafar Kordzanganeg, Mansoor Sharifi,
Volume 11, Issue 4 (5-2023)
Abstract
Early marriage, which is known as a global problem, is still widely practiced in Khuzestan province and Ahvaz city. This qualitative study aims to discover and interpret the formation of early marriage from the point of view of married girls and has been conducted with a descriptive-interpretive phenomenological approach. The participants in the research have been selected by purposive sampling method and are interviewed in-depth using open-ended questions, and the information has been saturated with 22 participants. The data obtained after each interview has been analyzed with Smith's (1997) thematic model. Descriptive information obtained from the interview using the researcher's observations and notes and constant comparisons obtained 34 primary concepts, 11 sub-categories and 4 main categories. The findings show that four groups of contexts play a role in the formation of early marriage of women in Ahvaz city, which are: cultural contexts (belief in the effectiveness of early marriage, traditions of patriarchy and family marriage, and lifestyle in accordance with the conditions), social contexts (confirmation by marriage, expedient marriage and freedom from family problems), economic conditions (financial facilities for the marriage process,motivation to finance and freedom from financial problems) and personal factors (misconceptions about joint life and negligence and neglect of responsibilities) cohabitation). As a result of early marriage of women in Ahvaz city, it is mainly rooted in cultural and social contexts, then economic conditions and personal factors.
Taha Ashayeri, Mousa Saadati, Esmaeil Jahani Dolatabadi,
Volume 11, Issue 4 (5-2023)
Abstract
Conflict is natural and a characteristic of all social organizations. In governmental and non-governmental organizations, they are always faced with the problem of differences between human resources (managers-employees) at the headquarters and line levels. This happens in cooperatives and companies for various reasons. Based on this, the leading research aims to investigate the sociological factors affecting the occurrence of our differences between the worker and the employer. The research method is quantitative (survey). The sample size is based on Cochran's formula and 384 people have been selected by random cluster sampling. Friedman's non-parametric test has been used to rank the indicators. Descriptive findings show that the average age of respondents is 38.57 years, 25% of respondents are female and 75% are male, 92.7% have insurance history and 7.3% are uninsured. The results of Friedman's test show that among the psychological factors (lack of motivation at work, stress on the part of the parties and being stressed while doing the job and being quick-tempered when problems arise), in the dimension of individual factors (lack of communication skills, lack of proper employee-employer interaction, excessive work procrastination), in terms of occupational factors (a large amount of work and little time to do it, constant abandonment of work by the worker and repetitive and monotonous work), in terms of economic factors (insufficient salary to solve personal and life problems, Lack of incentives and rewards commensurate with the performance of human resources, non-payment of benefits and bonuses on certain days), in the environmental factor dimension (lack of environmental order and discipline, not observing work safety, wet environment), in the organizational factor dimension (lack of work contract, settlements prematurely, short-term contracts), in the aspect of cultural factors (ignorance of religious duties, lack of attention to Islamic and social values), in the aspect of social factors (lack of feeling of group support, not observing social affairs, low trust between colleagues) in the occurrence of differences among the worker-employer has had the greatest role and influence.
Sina Jalilpour Aghdam, Ahmad Mirza Kuchak Khoshnevis, Mehdi Khak Zand, 4- mostafa Masoudinejad,
Volume 11, Issue 4 (5-2023)
Abstract
Today, neglecting the social and environmental concepts in housing has caused constructions to be measured in the form of a quantitative relationship, that is, the quantitative and numerical relationship of humans economically with the physical dimensions of housing or the people living in it. Thus, considering social values and concepts such as justice in housing has been violated. Therefore, the current research, recognizes the sensitivity of the issue of housing and its role on people's perception of social justice, has found the necessity of payment in this field by relying on the relationship between three environmental, social and physical factors related to housing; with the aim of explaining the role of housing on people's perception of social justice in Tehran as case study. The applied research is a combination of qualitative and quantitative research. Data analysis is done with SPSS version 27 and Smart PLS version 3 software. Findings show that there is a significant relationship between all three environmental, social and physical factors (p<0.05). The direction of the relationship between all three factors is positive and the factors are correlated with each other and affect the citizens' perception of justice; in general, citizens do not consider the housing situation in Tehran fair.
Mino Gholamhossein, Yahya Qaidi, Saeid Zarghami, Ramzan Barkhordari, Ali Akbar Salehi,
Volume 11, Issue 4 (5-2023)
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to investigate the challenges of citizenship education based on the perception of Afghan immigrant students, with the aim of describing and interpreting the lived experiences of the components of citizenship education. The research method included the community of parents and students in the primary level of the 4th district of Alborz province, including 6 immigrant girls and 10 immigrant boys. The data collection tool was a semi-structured interview that has been continued until data saturation and analyzed using the Strabert and Carpenter method. After analyzing the data and removing the common codes, a conceptual code that expressed the experiences of the participants was extracted and categorized into 10 main themes. The findings of the present research indicate that the responses of the interviewees can be classified in the areas of environmental protection, based on the analysis of the interviews, indicating the themes of environmental protection, rights and duties of citizenship, empathy, responsibility, respect for the rights of others, cooperation, discrimination, the spirit of seeking justice, criticizing and accepting criticism, and establishing communication are the themes. The themes of discrimination, empathy, cooperation, communication are the themes that the interviewees had the most challenges regarding the quality and quantity of it, according to the experience in education in Iran, is significant based on the analysis of the above themes, gender bias in favor of men and the marginal role of women is one of the distinct distinctions of the interviewees.
Yazdan Azami, Khalil Mirzaei, Bagher Sarukhani, Bahman Bayangani,
Volume 11, Issue 4 (5-2023)
Abstract
The relationship between man and the environment is always changing. Entering the age of industry and modernity, humans have changed their lifestyle based on instrumental rationality and with selfish and one-sided decisions, they have created many environmental crises that worry and worry the public in different societies and the environmental issue has become a global and social issue. In this regard, the current research has also been conducted with the aim of sociological investigation of factors affecting environmental activities. The research method of the current study is survey type. The statistical population includes all environmental activists in Marivan and Baneh cities, 385 of who were selected through Cochran's statistical formula and stratified probability sampling in order to collect information. The data collection tool is a researcher-made questionnaire based on the qualitative part of this research, and the data analysis software is SPSS software. The results of Pearson's r correlation test show that the correlation between all the independent variables of the research includes attitude towards environmental activity as a political matter, attitude towards environmental activity as an aesthetic matter, attitude towards environmental activity as an economic matter, attitude towards Environmental activity as a religious matter and attitude towards environmental activity as a health matter were statistically confirmed with the environmental activity variable at a significance level less than 0.01. Also, the results of the multivariate regression analysis indicate that the independent variables in the regression model have been able to explain and predict 65.4% of the changes in environmental activities. Meanwhile, the environmental activity variable as an aesthetic issue has had the greatest impact on the dependent variable.
Maryam Vahab, Mehrdad Navabakhsh, Soroush Fathi,
Volume 11, Issue 4 (5-2023)
Abstract
In this study, we are looking for a sociological explanation of women's approach to body management and socio-cultural factors affecting it. The target group of this study is the women of districts 1 and 17 of Tehran. In the current research method, the quantitative-survey method is used based on this, with the multi-stage cluster sampling method, 384 people have been selected as the sample size from the population of two regions, 1 and 17, and the necessary information has been collected using the questionnaire technique. The findings show that demographic variables and social factors with variables such as (social interactions equal to 0.0911, socio-economic base equal to 0.189, consumerism equal to 0.126) and cultural factors with variables such as (group reference values (0.116) are related to body management. It seems necessary to redefine beauty and change the perspective and attitude and create a new approach in redefining body management.
Mr Mohammad Ali Amirpoorsaeed, Dr Mahmoud Sharepour, Dr Sedigheh Lotfi,
Volume 11, Issue 4 (5-2023)
Abstract
The increase of social capital in long term has important effects on the mentality of the residents of the neighborhood, mutual trust, solidarity, participation in neighborhood affairs, etc., and when achieved, the quality of life in the neighborhood grows accordingly. In this regard, the present study, an attempt has been made to measure the amount of social capital and the level of quality of life among the residents of the neighborhoods of Rafsanjan city with a sociological approach and survey method, and finally to investigate the effect of social capital on their quality of life. In this research, all the residents aged 18 years and older are part of the statistical population, and according to Cochran's formula, 383 people have been selected by cluster sampling method proportional to the volume. The data collection tool is a researcher-made questionnaire, and the description and analysis of the data has been done using Spss software. The results of the research findings show that there is no significant difference between women and men in terms of the amount of social capital and quality of life, but there is a significant difference between income groups and the amount of social capital and their quality of life. Also, there is a significant difference between the different periods of people's residence and the amount of social capital and their quality of life. The results of multiple regression analysis show there is a correlation of 0.508 between research variables. Also, about 25% of the dependent variable changes are predicted by the social capital variable, and among the components of social capital, trust has the greatest impact on the quality of life of city residents.
Mr Saeed Rajabi, Dr. Soodeh Maghsoodi,
Volume 11, Issue 4 (5-2023)
Abstract
The study aims to the relationship between parenting style and mental health with addiction readiness of Kerman students. The present research is of a descriptive-correlation type and the statistical population included all male and female students of the secondary school in the 2nd district of Kerman in the year 1400-1401. Using Cochran's formula, 360 male and female students have been selected. The sampling method in this research is based on multi-stage cluster sampling. To collect information, questionnaires on readiness for addiction, parenting methods and mental health have been used, and Spss24 software applied for data analysis. The findings indicate that the level of mental health shows a significant difference according to gender, and according to the average obtained, boys have lower mental health than girls (p<0.05). There is a significant relationship between parenting styles and mental health of male and female students with readiness for addiction (p<0.05). Also, in the prediction of the effect of independent factors on readiness for addiction in male and female students, it is found that the variable of paranoid thoughts is the most important variable affecting readiness for addiction in both groups of student.
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