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Showing 42 results for Capital
Mona Asalemnejad, Dr Behjat Yazdkhasti, , ,
Volume 5, Issue 2 (11-2016)
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the impact of social background of students on two important aspects of behaviors related to health that are feeding and sport. The sample is gathered among gifted and ordinary students of Rasht city. There were 2 schools for gifted students that belong to boys and girls and also for ordinary students. After all, sample volume reached at 101 gifted and 118 ordinary students. For achieving more accurate and deeper data, 54 parents of first group and 74 of second were included. For making sure of maximum accuracy of findings, associative triangulation was used. The results show that gifted students are rooted in petit-bourgeois class and the subclass which owns high cultural capital. These people, in food, pay attention in Form, Presentation and healthiness and in sports look for being unique, and the effects which it has on the soul and body. In contrast, ordinary students who go to public schools have origins in worker class and follow the taste of necessity. For them, the most important features in foods are those who relate to energy and in sports, those who need high power and few requirements are in high priority.
Mr Ali Nooralivand, Phd Amir Maleki, Phd Mehrban Parsamehr, Phd Hamid Ghasemi,
Volume 5, Issue 3 (2-2017)
Abstract
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between social capital and women’s participation in sport. The study was conducted using survey and the data were collected through questionnaires. The population consisted of women upper than 19 years of age and the sample consisted of 500 women. The sample was selected using multi-stage random cluster sampling. To analyze the data and to test the research model, the researchers used regression and SEM using Amos. The analyses of the data indicated that women in Ilam participate in professional sport (15%), regular sport (188%), health-oriented sport (17%), recreational sport (15.2%), and irregular exercises (8%). Additionally, 26% of women follow no sport activities. Furthermore, the results indicate that social participation (organizational membership and social network), and social trust (interpersonal, general, civil and institutional) can respectively explain .268 and .366 of the variance in sport participation. Together, they explain .59 of the variance in women’s sport participation.
Dr Asadollah Babaiefard,
Volume 5, Issue 4 (5-2017)
Abstract
In this study, using the Network Analysis, the topic of Development and Underdevelopment in Iran, has been studied, with Historical-Experimental Approach and using Secondary Analysis of Empirical Findings. This study is based on analysis of some National Surveys, particular, a National Survey on Iranians Cultural Behaviors and two National Surveys on Iranians Values and Attitudes, which have been conducted, respectively, in the years 1999, 2000 and 2003. Overall, our findings suggest that there are relationships between variables of Social Capital, Social Development. Our assumption in this study was that Lack of Social Capital has led to Lack of Social Development, and this phenomenon, in turn, can play an important role in Underdevelopment of Society. These findings suggest that in terms of some important elements of Social Development, such as Trust in Social Groups, Social Participation, Commitment to the Social Values and Norms, Belonging to National Identity and Culture in Iranian Society, the situation is not desirable. In our opinion, the lack of Social Development would lead to Underdevelopment of Society. Consequently, if we want to achieve the goal of Comprehensive Development of Society, we should provide required backgrounds to increase the levels of Social Capital, and consequently, Social Development.
Vakil Heidari Sarban,
Volume 6, Issue 2 (11-2017)
Abstract
The governance is an approach that it is for participation of village people and making decision of them about plans and administrative and developmental planning for village people. If the presented experimental research and theories is a compound of rule, social capital is very important. On the other hand, social capital is a useful field of achieving a management and rule in order to unify and secured social life. The aim of this study is the investigating into the effects of social capital in rural governance (Ardabil villagers). The performance method of this study was descriptive- survey and the required information were collected by library and field (questionnaire method). Statistical society of this study were residents above 15 years old of Ardabil villages that they were 123264 people and there has been used from Cochran formulate for measuring the volume of statistical sample and sample volume were selected 383 people. There has been analyzed data by using SPSS software. The results showed that although there is a significant relationship between various dimensions of social capital in village governance, but there are multiple regressions.
, , , ,
Volume 6, Issue 3 (2-2018)
Abstract
Introduction: Drying away has threatened Urmia Lake in recent years. Fading away of this lake can negatively affect the nature, economy, population structure and, all aspects of the region in general. Meanwhile, beside the natural cuases, all inhabitants around the Urmia lake have affection in shrinking of this lake and on the other side, will be affected by collapsing of this lake.So, this research has done to findout the effective sociological factors in relatedness with nature of Urmia lake between citizens of Urmia city.
Methodology: The method of this research is survey. Population consists of all Urmia citizens with the age of 15 and older than that. 384 people were selected through Cochran formula as sample. Random sampling selected as the method for sampling and a standard questionnaire used in gathering data. Spss software used in analyzing data.
Conclusion: The resuls shows that: relatedness with Urmia Lake is related with age, social capital and its subtypes. Also, results of regression analysis showed that independent variables can provide 24 percent of the relatedness with Urmia Lake.
Key words: Nature Relatedness, Urmia Lake, Social Capital, Citizenship Rights, Media.
, , ,
Volume 6, Issue 3 (2-2018)
Abstract
One of the approaches of sociology is <>. It has been noticed in other sciences too, communication is the base of this approach. It is named as a capital beside the other capitals( human, secular, physical and …). Its principle components are normativism, trust, and comm::::union::::. The concepts of social capital can be found in old thinker's opinions; amongst Sa'di who was acquainted whit his time communities life because of several journeys. Golestan as a moral_ educational oeuvre is reporter of real society of Sa'di. This paper has checked the comm::::union:::: component in Sa'di's Golestan predicatively with qualitative and quantitative content analysis and has shown that, of the of the comm::::union:::: indices, social comm::::union:::: has had the highest frequency and in terms of comm::::union:::: type, tool comm::::union:::: in which there is the personal incitation footmarks and taking the gain, has the most frequency. The comm::::union:::: based on job repartition is in the secondary position and bound comm::::union:::: in which there is expectance of mutual help is the third kind of comm::::union::::. The frequency of these comm::::union::::s regarding Saljukian, Ghaznavian, and Muguls' post invasion realities which is the moral and secular demolition world of Iraian social life is natural
Dr. Mousa Aazami, Dr. Karim Nadri Mahdei, Mrs. Leila Leila Zolikhaei Sayyar, Mr. Mehrdad Pouya,
Volume 7, Issue 1 (8-2018)
Abstract
The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of social capital on knowledge and experience sharing among female students of Nahavand unisex university using quantitative survey. The statistic population of the study consisted of all senior undergraduate students in four existing disciplines including agricultural extension education, industrial engineering, physical education, and medicinal plants disciplines (N=98). The standard scales of Nahapiet and Ghoshal (1998) accompanied by Putnam (2000), and the learning organization questionnaire of Watkins and Marsick’s (2003) were employed to assess the students’ social capital, and knowledge and experience sharing components, respectively. After re-validating research instrument by faculty members of agricultural extension and education department at Bu-Ali Sina University, its reliability was secured at 0.82 using the Cronbach’s alpha. The structural education modeling (SEM) and maximum likelihood method exposed the overt and covert variables’ interactions. Data indicated that the students’ social capital index was higher than average, while their knowledge sharing remained in a moderate level. Meanwhile, the SEM both confirmed the model and revealed that the social capital significantly and positively affected all components of the knowledge and experience sharing’s.
- Bizhan Zare, - Salahedin Ghaderi, - Mohammadkazem Koohi, - Zhila Moshiri,
Volume 7, Issue 2 (11-2018)
Abstract
The statistical population of this study is all farmers in Garmsar County, which according to the statistics of the Agricultural Department, the number of them is 5675 people. Of these, 366 people were selected randomly according to the Cochran formula, and information were gathered through a researcher-made questionnaire. The research method is quantitative and we have tried to use the multivariate modeling of structural equation to test the model derived from the theoretical framework of the research. The theoretical framework of research is the theory of peasant subculture and Bourdieu's theory of cultural, social and economic capital types. The findings show that experimental data support the theoretical model based on different types of processing indicators. Also, the assumptions that indicate a meaningful relationship between different types of capital and peasant subculture were confirmed, and those that emphasized the existence of a meaningful relationship between different types of capital and the attitude towards water use in agriculture were rejected. There is also a significant relationship between peasant subculture and the attitude towards water use in agriculture. According to the final result, various types of economic, cultural and social capital indirectly affect the attitude toward water use through the peasant subculture variables.
Mr Mohammad Mohammadi, Dr Alireza Poursheykhian, Dr Hossein Asghari, Dr Rafat Shahmari Ardejani,
Volume 8, Issue 4 (4-2020)
Abstract
This paper aims to study the relation between social capital and waste management and the effects of the former on the latter. The statistical population is all families residing in Amol. Among them, 445 people were selected based on the stratified sampling method. The results show that the highest level of disposal behavior refers to the metal waste and the lowest part pertains to the plastic bag of ice cream, chips, cheese puffies and so on. This is a very important finding and can be discussed more in later researches. The correlation coefficient of variables in social capital and waste management is positive. Owing to the fact that social capital makes a norm pressure on social participation, this positive coefficiency was hypothesized in advance. Besides, the more the social trust is among people, the better the waste management will be. In the other words, if people get reassured that all the society is waste managing, they will take part more in it as well.
Mr Mohammad Mehdi Nasiri Khalili, Mr ,mohammad Reza Zand Moghaddam, Mr Syed Jalaldin Daryabary,
Volume 9, Issue 2 (10-2020)
Abstract
The formation of social interactions requires a spatial container. Public spaces can lead to the formation of a sense of identity, belonging and a sense of place by increasing the amount of communication, convergence of different individuals and groups, providing a platform for various activities and events, and thus inducing collective memory among the residents. All of which are components of social capital. , In the present study, an attempt has been made to explain the relationship between social capital, public spaces and neighborhood identity, the various dimensions of this issue. Therefore, the study of the impact of physical and social dimensions of space on the components of social capital such as trust and interaction and incidental participation in social networks can explain the role of public spaces in social capital and neighborhood identity. This research has been done through correlation and regression tests in spss-minitab software.
Dr Hossein Nazoktabar, Dr Shahram Molania Jelodar, Mr Hossein Nikandish,
Volume 10, Issue 2 (11-2021)
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of cultural capital and social capital on family stability among couples in Chahardangeh. The research method is descriptive-correlational done by survey method. The statistical population was couples living in Chahardangeh in the second half of 2000. According to Cochran's formula, 200 people were selected as the sample size and the sampling method was cluster random. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire, the calculated alpha for each variable was higher than 0.70, which means the reliability of the questionnaire was acceptable. Data analysis was performed at both descriptive and inferential levels using SPSS software version 24. The results show that social capital in each of its dimensions, including the level of social trust, social participation and social networks had a significant effect on family stability among couples in Chahardangeh. Also cultural capital and each of its dimensions, including embodied cultural capital, objectified cultural capital and institutionalized cultural capital, have had a significant effect on the stability of the family among the couples of Chahardangeh. The results show that gender and education of couples do not have a significant effect on family stability.
Miss Dorna Salamatian, Dr. Asghar Mirfardi, Dr. Mansour Tabiee, Dr. Aliyar Ahmadi,
Volume 10, Issue 3 (12-2021)
Abstract
The extent of environmental degradation is increasing and environmental protection requires utilizing the cultural and social capabilities of human communities. The purpose of this study was to investigate the environmental citizenship of residents aged 18 and older in Shiraz and its relationship with social capital and socio-economic variables. The method of this research was a survey and the required information has been collected using a questionnaire. The study sample is 1045 residents of Shiraz who were selected using the Cluster Sampling Method. To evaluate the validity of the questionnaire, factor analysis was used, and to determine its reliability, the internal coordination of the instrument was used by Cronbach's Alpha Method. The results show that the variables of social capital, socio-economic status, had a positive and significant relationship at the level of 99% with the environmental citizenship variable. There is a significant difference between the environmental citizenship status of the respondents according to their marital status. Married people have stronger environmental citizenship than others. In total, the independent variables explained 15.3% of the changes in the dependent variable of environmental citizenship. Environmental citizenship and social capital are synergistic. Strengthening social capital and its elements is important for strengthening environmental citizenship.
Dr. Taha Ashayeri, Ms. Elham Abbasi, Ms Tahereh Jahanparvar,
Volume 10, Issue 4 (4-2022)
Abstract
Social alienation means disgust, isolation, sense of lack of identity, cut off from society and finally the feeling of socio-cultural anomie in the modern society. The main purpose of this research is to study the factors affecting social alienation by meta-analysis method in the period of 1387 to 1401. The research method is Meta-Analysis (quantitative), its statistical population is 51 documents, of which 29 researches are a non-probability sample size from the Normex scientific database, Alamnet, Meg Iran, Jihad University database, with compliance with the entry criteria (validity and reliability) and the exit criteria ( lack of validity and reliability). The results show that between cultural capital (embodied, institutionalized and symbolic); social capital (weak social cohesion, low social trust and low social belonging); cultural factors (individualism, superstitions, normative pressures and low religious affiliation); media factors (use of virtual space, internal media and external media); psychological factors (low self-confidence, social isolation and sense of inferiority), Political factors (basis of political ineffectiveness, political dissatisfaction, feeling of political discrimination, political anomie) and factors of failure (social deprivation, job failure, educational failure), there is a significant relationship between social factors (social disorder, social dissatisfaction, social anomie, feeling of injustice), background factors (level of education, age, socio-economic base and income level) and the social alienation.
Malihe Amani, Dr Mohammad Esmaeil Riahi, Dr Mahmoud Sharepour,
Volume 10, Issue 4 (4-2022)
Abstract
In this study, it was sought to achieve a typology related to women's activism in urban spaces of Tehran using a qualitative approach with the phenomenological strategy. Data was collected using in-depth, semi-structured interviews and field observations. Purposive sampling with maximum dispersion was utilized. The sample consisted of 30 women living in Tehran who were interviewed by visiting several crowded points in the north, south, east and west side of Tehran. Data was analyzed using Thematic Analysis. According to the results, women's activism in the spaces of Tehran were classified into economic, social, cultural, sports and leisure activism and dramatic and abnormal activism. Women's activism in each of these areas varied according to their social, economic, and cultural status and capital. Results suggested that the existing structure in urban spaces of Tehran has caused women to be creative and active in some areas, such as leisure activities as well as in relation to the type of clothing and behavior in urban spaces despite the pressures and restrictions. Also women's activism is passive and more in line with the existing structure of some areas like economic domains. However, increasing women's presence in various domains of urban spaces can be the basis for many changes and transformations, which demands structural and cultural changes and changing attitudes towards the status of women, recognition of their capabilities and giving attention to their needs and desires in urban spaces of Tehran, also creating conditions for healthy employment and women's active and creative activism in various spaces of Tehran.
Pooya Afghannezhad, Abolghasem Heydar Abadi, Seyed Ahmad Jafari Kelarijani,
Volume 11, Issue 2 (10-2022)
Abstract
This study has investigated the environmental behavior of tourists in the coastal cities of Mazandaran province. For this purpose, the theory of environmental culture of Georges Tomé and Bourdieu's cultural capital have been applied as the theoretical framework. The statistical population are tourists from the coastal cities of Mazandaran. The sampling method is a multi-stage cluster and the sample size is 400 according to Cochran's formula. The tool for data collection is a researcher-made questionnaire. The method of data analysis is Pearson's correlation coefficient, path analysis and regression analysis using SPSS software. Face validity was used to measure validity and the variable reliability of environmental behaviors was 0.851, which is very high and its items were able to have the necessary internal consistency. The test results show that the average of environmental behavior patterns among people is high and its average is 4.05 out of 5. About 10.3 percent of their environmental behavior is low, 9.7 percent is medium, and about 80 percent is high. There is a significant positive and direct relationship between the amount of urban participation, cultural capital and environmental awareness with environmental behavior. Independent variables explain and predict 35.6 percent of the variance and changes in environmental behavior. The result is that in order to strengthen, promote and develop responsible behaviors towards the environment, it is necessary to raise the level of cultural capital, expand environmental awareness and increase urban participation among tourists.
Enayat Souri, Omid Ali Ahmadi, Mohammad Hosein Asadi,
Volume 11, Issue 3 (1-2023)
Abstract
This research examines the intergenerational social capital among men and women in Tuyserkan. The method is survey and the population includes men and women over 15 years old in 2020. According to Morgan and Karjesi, 392 people were selected by cluster sampling and have answered the researcher-made questionnaire. Validity by experts' agreement, formal, and structural methods are estimated 0.75, 0.76, and 0.84, respectively. Also, reliability by the internal consistency method is obtained 0.82. The data is analyzed by SPSS-26 software and with ANOVA and independent T-test. The results show there is difference among all three generations and between men and women in terms of social capital. The older generation has more social capital. There is relationship among intergenerational variables, gender, age groups, income, type of job, marital status, education, place of residence, age of marriage, presence in the community, and social capital variable. There are differences among different generations in terms of presence in society, individual and social freedoms, social trust, and social mobility. Also, there is difference between men and women in terms of variables of social mobility and presence in the community. Therefore, paying attention to the generation gap in the light of social capital is particularly important.
Seyyed Ali Asghar Hosseini Nozari, Reza Fazel, Hossein Kordi,
Volume 11, Issue 3 (1-2023)
Abstract
The main purpose of this research is how the merchants played a role in Iran's constitutional revolution in order to achieve extra-capital, until the formation of the second parliament. The research method in this research is historical and used to collect information from first-hand sources such as memories and chronicles and second-hand historical sources. Based on the findings of the research, merchants in the constitutional revolution, played a revolutionary role, using their economic-social capitals, and were able to play a major role in the victory of the constitutional revolution, achieving extra capital and forming the first parliament of the National Council. But merchants, after gaining extra capital and participating in the government arena (by winning about 40% of the seats in the first parliament), changed their role from revolutionary to conservative and reactionary, and the result was the closure of the first parliament by Mohammad Ali Shah. A passive role in the second constitution was the presence of 5% of merchants in the second parliament of the National Council and the loss of extra capital.
Taha Ashayeri, Mousa Saadati, Esmaeil Jahani Dolatabadi,
Volume 11, Issue 4 (5-2023)
Abstract
Conflict is natural and a characteristic of all social organizations. In governmental and non-governmental organizations, they are always faced with the problem of differences between human resources (managers-employees) at the headquarters and line levels. This happens in cooperatives and companies for various reasons. Based on this, the leading research aims to investigate the sociological factors affecting the occurrence of our differences between the worker and the employer. The research method is quantitative (survey). The sample size is based on Cochran's formula and 384 people have been selected by random cluster sampling. Friedman's non-parametric test has been used to rank the indicators. Descriptive findings show that the average age of respondents is 38.57 years, 25% of respondents are female and 75% are male, 92.7% have insurance history and 7.3% are uninsured. The results of Friedman's test show that among the psychological factors (lack of motivation at work, stress on the part of the parties and being stressed while doing the job and being quick-tempered when problems arise), in the dimension of individual factors (lack of communication skills, lack of proper employee-employer interaction, excessive work procrastination), in terms of occupational factors (a large amount of work and little time to do it, constant abandonment of work by the worker and repetitive and monotonous work), in terms of economic factors (insufficient salary to solve personal and life problems, Lack of incentives and rewards commensurate with the performance of human resources, non-payment of benefits and bonuses on certain days), in the environmental factor dimension (lack of environmental order and discipline, not observing work safety, wet environment), in the organizational factor dimension (lack of work contract, settlements prematurely, short-term contracts), in the aspect of cultural factors (ignorance of religious duties, lack of attention to Islamic and social values), in the aspect of social factors (lack of feeling of group support, not observing social affairs, low trust between colleagues) in the occurrence of differences among the worker-employer has had the greatest role and influence.
Mr Mohammad Ali Amirpoorsaeed, Dr Mahmoud Sharepour, Dr Sedigheh Lotfi,
Volume 11, Issue 4 (5-2023)
Abstract
The increase of social capital in long term has important effects on the mentality of the residents of the neighborhood, mutual trust, solidarity, participation in neighborhood affairs, etc., and when achieved, the quality of life in the neighborhood grows accordingly. In this regard, the present study, an attempt has been made to measure the amount of social capital and the level of quality of life among the residents of the neighborhoods of Rafsanjan city with a sociological approach and survey method, and finally to investigate the effect of social capital on their quality of life. In this research, all the residents aged 18 years and older are part of the statistical population, and according to Cochran's formula, 383 people have been selected by cluster sampling method proportional to the volume. The data collection tool is a researcher-made questionnaire, and the description and analysis of the data has been done using Spss software. The results of the research findings show that there is no significant difference between women and men in terms of the amount of social capital and quality of life, but there is a significant difference between income groups and the amount of social capital and their quality of life. Also, there is a significant difference between the different periods of people's residence and the amount of social capital and their quality of life. The results of multiple regression analysis show there is a correlation of 0.508 between research variables. Also, about 25% of the dependent variable changes are predicted by the social capital variable, and among the components of social capital, trust has the greatest impact on the quality of life of city residents.
Amir Rastegar, Mostafa Karami,
Volume 12, Issue 4 (4-2024)
Abstract
This study aimes to investigate the relationship between cultural capital and interactivity with attitudes towards aggression among students of Takestan secondary schools. For this purpose, the present study follows the logic of quantitative research. Thus, students of the first secondary school of Takestan were studied as the statistical population. A number of 357 people were selected as the research sample, the sample size was calculated according to the Cochran formula and the sampling was done using the random sampling method. Also, data was collected using a questionnaire. The SPSS software was used to analyze the data. The results show that demographic characteristics are related to attitudes towards aggression. Among the measured demographic characteristics, educational background, age, and gender play the largest role in students' attitudes towards aggression. Also, family characteristics have a positive effect on attitudes towards aggression. Among the family variables, father's job, mother's job, and father's education have a greater contribution to students' attitudes toward aggression, respectively. Also, according to the research findings, students' cultural capital has an inverse relationship with attitudes toward aggression. In the first step of examining the obtained results, it was determined that the amount and volume of cultural capital affects students' attitudes toward aggression. As this type of cultural capital increases, the level of attitude toward aggression decreases. People with higher cultural capital have a less positive attitude toward violence than others. Students each enter school with different cultural capitals, and establishing communication begins to affect their moral characteristics and personality formation. Therefore, their interactivity and communication skills, as the ability to express correct verbal and non-verbal characteristics, affect aggression.
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