---

Local and ethnical awareness has highly increased in the contemporary age. Especially, some people believe that factors such as globalization have intensified ethnical sentiments followed by weakening of national identity. On the contrary, some others believe that the increase of ethical tendencies is not in conflict with national identify of people and can be improved. Today, experimental examination of each of these viewpoints in the societies with various ethnics and languages is considered as a necessity because adopting identity-based policies in such societies and especially in Iran requires constant observation and monitoring of tendency level of active population and especially young individuals of the society in national and ethnical identity. The present research aims at examining the relationship between national and ethnical identities among Kurd, Turkish, Lor and Fars students at the University of Tehran in the academic year 2013-14 and their backgrounds were also considered. A surveying method was used to collect data extracted by distribution of a questionnaire among 294 samples and the data was then analyzed by SPS22 software. Findings indicate that despite common popular beliefs among some viewpoints, there is no contradictory relationship between national and ethnical identities. The findings of this research show that there is a positive and synergic relation between national and ethnical identities. Moreover, analysis of the effect of their background on national and ethnical identities indicate that gender, field of study and level of education are the most predictors of national identity and type of religion predicts the highest variance of national identity among students.

---

Globalization as a new source of historical change, has changed our social - cultural lifeworld in a manner distinct from previous forms. The paper based on Ingelehart periodic change theory and the theory of Bollas generation formation, has evaluated the difference in generational identity in the light of globalization experience and processes. Accordingly, the paper argues that the formation of generational mentality and experience in the era of globalization is distinct from traditional identification patterns and hence the construction of social identity and lifestyle of children more than their parents' generation is confronted by objects coming from globalization. Methodologically, this study has been conducted Using the survey method through questionnaires between the two generation groups  in the city of Sanandaj (Kurdistan, Iran). The research findings indicate that lifestyle  in children generation is affected by norms and global objects more than parents' generations. Globalization of lifestyle by factors such as "consumption norms", "spending the leisure", "family behaviors", " language belongings" and "values and beliefs" is observed among the generation of the children more than generation of parents. The results also indicate that adherence to the global lifestyle is observed among the high educated classes of society more than less educated classes. 

---

White marriage is one of the ways to live without formal and legal marriage, which is widely accepted among young people. The purpose of this study was to study the status of white marriage among young people in Gilani, who experienced this style of life, the causes of the tendency towards this style of life and its consequences.The phenomenological method has been used for qualitative study. Therefore, couples who have experienced this life style have been selected using a snowball sampling technique as the sample, and the data collection process was stopped by interviewing 15 people.
 
The results of the research were extracted through the process of coding open and categorical coding, and the concepts and categories were extracted.
The results of the research indicate that white marriages have become popular among young people.Factors such as economic status, divorce problems, reduced parental control, sexual and emotional needs, globalization, individualism, diminished religious beliefs, and friends have played an important role in the trend of white marriages among young people.The lack of acceptance by the community and the family, the lack of legal protection and having a secret relationship, including the limits of this lifestyle.
 

---

Investigating the factors affecting the tendency toward unmarried joint life among youth in Tehran
In this paper, we have examined a new kind of life, namely cohabitation (two unmarried girl and boy living together) which has expanded in our country for several reasons in recent decades. Also 20 boys and girls who have experienced cohabitation relationships in Tehran are interviewed. The research method used is grounded theory. Using the concepts and categories obtained during the coding process, the causes of the tendency towards unmarried cohabitation have been analyzed and a paradigm model of these concepts and categories has been obtained. The paradigmatic model illustrates the impact of globalization as a major issue on the formation of pre-married cohabitation. Also, based on the presented model, it can be concluded that changing religious values among young people, structural changes in society and changing lifestyles that have been shaped by the influence of globalization among people in the community, especially young people has been provided the basis for the formation and expansion common living home among the young generation.
 

---

The taste and fashion for Bourdieu is an obvious and simple thing in the nature of modern society, and can be understood by the social hierarchy of society. one of the most important factors in this research is that there are several factors in this research to be part of it in terms of globalization in the culture sphere. The aim of this study was to understand the relationship of cultural globalization and consumption tastes in the  thirty-year-old generation (the decades of 1350 to 1370 AD) in the city Shiraz. Data from the survey on 425 women and men gathered and analyzed have been exposed. The results show that cultural globalization has had a great influence on the consumption tastes of this generation; Among the variables of cultural globalization, individualism (32.6), ICT (6.5) and Reflexivity (2.8) significant relationship with the dependent variable respectively, Which together could explain about 42% of respondents' tastes; This number tells us that 42% of  respondents' tastes variations are affected by the variables of globalization.