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Although many experimental studies have confirmed the effect of family's cultural capital on educational achievement, evaluating the mechanism of its effect is controversial. The survey aimed at investigating the mechanism of evaluation quality into cultural capital impact on educational achievement. Using a survey method, this empirical study was conducted. In academic year 89-90, middle and high school students of Jovein Township were the population of the survey. By proportional stratified sampling, 369 students were selected as sample size. The results show that the parent’s cultural capital significantly affect the educational success of their children. However, the study findings did not significantly support the impact of evaluation causal mechanism on the children's educational success.

   

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The family as a social institution has experienced dramatic changes during recent decades. These changes had influential effects on the situation of the members, especially children, within the family. Using the data from the “Time Use Survey”, conducted in urban areas in 2008 and2009, this paper aims to analyze the effect of the mother's employment on the achievement of human capital by children aged 15-19 years. Findings showed that children of employed mothers spend more time in human capital achievement activates than the others. This is in consistent withpreviousstudies. It reflects the fact that the income generated from the employment is invested in children'shuman capital.Further analysesclarified thatthe effect of the mother's employment ties with the effect of her level of education. Most employed motherswere highly educated as well. The combination of the employment and the education showed to have stronger effect on the human capital achievement. The positive effects of the mother's occupational rank, and hours spent on paid-work also revealed the positive effect of income on children's human capital achievement.

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Electoral participation, as an important form of political participation, is important in discussions of political sociology and sociology of elections. Modernization theory is one of the major theories to explain electoral participation. Part of the impact of modernization on political participation is done through education. This paper shows that the effect of education on electoral participation is more complex than it is emphasized that modernization theory. This article examines the educational development and electoral participation through critical review of other studies, secondary analysis and Sub-national comparative study. Looking at the overall statistics, the literacy rate of electoral participation between 1978 to 2005, there is a contrasting relationship that is inconsistent with the findings of other researchers. This article article is intended to report on this relationship. This analysis showed that nine presidential elections, despite the findings of other researchers, there is not a direct positive relationship between Literacy rates of electoral participation. Given the fact that our data were limited, efforts will be the seventh presidential election (1997) to be analyzed as a case study. Comparison showed in 1997 in the provinces of Iran, between electoral participation and the literacy rate, there is a contrasting relationship as an inverted U shape. Subgroup analysis showed that participation in elections directly related to education and electoral participation is more complex than the theories of modernization. The results showed a relationship between educational development and political participation is determined by the the type of literate people's jobs and their dependence on government.

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The rise of various religiosity and new religious identities from one hand and the prevalence of modern life styles in Iran from the other hand are due to common modern lifestyles. However, much research show that religion still plays a significant and effective role in directing lifestyles. This situation requires studying the role of religious beliefs on resisting the consumerist modern culture and understanding the relationship between religious identity and modern life styles. This research has been done among Tonkabonian women and tried to investigate the acceptance or resistance of these women against the consumerist culture or its combination with the religious culture which ever advises moderate consumption. The women studied in this research have purposively been chosen from the married ones of Tonekabon city and categorized in four types based on the amount of religiosity and employment. The research findings show some relationships between religiosity and lifestyles among them, that is, the religiosity affects accepting or resisting modern lifestyle and its components (leisure activities, mode of shopping and consumption, and the kind of social communications). It means that the more religious women were the less they followed modern lifestyle. Moreover the comparison between the religious working and non-working women shows that the employment made no difference in their approaches to mode lifestyle and consumption but in either of them, religious attitudes have had more influence on their everyday lifestyle. The findings also indicate that working women lifestyles differ from nonworking women. The working women often spend their leisure outside of home with previous planning in a more favorable and useful way, division of housework in their home is more participatory and most of them consider both applied and aesthetic criteria for shopping.

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The influence of mass media and the internet on human societies have changed in information societies. Nowadays, the internet is a vital part of the present generation life. Because of the youth and adolescents increasing interest to use this phenomenon in different domains (science, entertainment, commercial affairs and interpersonal relations), its impact on various aspects of their life are considered in this paper. By this technology, the educational system also, has been able to take effective steps towards educational purposes. However, there were watchfully considerations towards using the internet by teenagers. Based on this fact, present study was conducted to measure the impact of the internet on education social goals realization. Afterward, by stratified random sampling method, 362 students were selected among Gorgan female high school students. Subsequently, a researcher-made questionnaire was conducted to collect data. T-test and Pearson-test findings were analyzed using SPSS software version 18. The results demonstrated no significant relation or correlation between the use of the internet and the education social goals realization (three components family relationships, social participations, primacy of communal interests over individual interests).

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Social capital is one of the important capabilities and properties of organization which could help it in knowledge share and creation and by providing proper field, would equip human resources to organizational entrepreneurship's knowledge and skill, and could be one of the effective alternatives in personnel performance promotion, so the main aim of this study was to examine the effect of social capital on organizational entrepreneurship in Babol's Education & Training Office. Social statistics were 780 persons of teachers of babol's guidance schools which 250 persons were selected as sample statistics by Morgan table. Designed questionnaire after confirming validity by experts and reliability by %88 alpha cronbakh were distributed. Results of regression tests indicated that there was a significant relationship between social capital and organizational entrepreneurship in Babol's Education & Training Office. Also there is a significant relationship between two dimensions of social capital such as the quality and structure of social capital and organizational entrepreneurship in Babol's Education & Training Office. The result of Spearman correlation tests also showed that there were significant relationships between trust and relations in quality of social capital and between variables in structure of social capital such as size and extension of relation network, relations structure and social solidarity with organizational entrepreneurship. Finally it was concluded that strong and rich structure of social capital could lead to reinforce organizational entrepreneurship in  Education & Training Office

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After the 1979 Revolution, women in the field of public and higher education achieved substantial improvement. However, employment statistics show that their economic participation has not changed much compared to the pre-revolution era. While considering the mission of higher education, the objective of this article is trying to understand this gap and to seek ways of reducing it. The research method is based on the study of the gap through documents and interviews with educated or working women and professionals. The study concludes by stressing on the most important reasons of this disparity which could be: little transfer of skills when entering the labor market, weak professional identity among girls, as well as structural discrimination based on gender division of labor in society.

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Social and political life of human society depends on the cooperation and participation of its members. It will be built through public contributions and education as a social system requires the participation and cooperation of all the people. The system can process without the effective participation of people in different aspects of their education as well as practical. This research is descriptive and to investigate the reasons for people's participation and contribution in the development of educational space is Mazandaran province. The sample of 143 participants from all donors school design and construction managers, officers and experts associated with the school activities in the province were in 1392. A questionnaire was used to collect data. The statistics in this study, the frequency table, frequency, and charting and analytical in order to use data from the sample and identify significant statistical differences between the views, binomial test and Friedman Used. The results show that for economic reasons, social, cultural participation and cooperation of the people in order to develop effective educational space, but the results were indicative of the priority ranking of the cultural, social and economic participation.

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The present paper aims to examine developing market orientation constraints and opportunities in Iranian higher education. In doing so, mix method was applied. A purposive sample of 10 informants consisting of higher education and marketing experts and deans was selected. After the implementation of interviews, to analyze data, open, axial, and selective coding system was applied. The initial questionnaire was designed, in order to validate components and Based on the findings of qualitative research phase. After verifying the reliability and validity, was conducted on the sample of 120 non-governmental deans of higher education institutions. A quantitative validation component was performed using the software PLS by factor analysis. And eventually, components were ranked using the Friedman test. Results show higher education market orientation constraints in order include economic constraints, institutional, administrative, educational, political, cultural and social; and Opportunities in order include internal efficiency, economic, educational and public. 

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Educational and cultural services in different regions of Iran have been distributed unequally in such a way that Yazd province has the most and Sistan and Baluchistan province has the least amount of educational and cultural services in national level. Therefore, the present study has been conducted with this objective to identify factors affecting the development of mentioned services, determine the centralism levels of the provinces and predict factors affecting the improvement of the status quo. The method employed in this research is descriptive-analytical which was conducted using models of factor analysis, concentration coefficient, educational services and cultural development indicator (ECDI) and multivariate regression. The findings of the present study indicate that from 64 primary indicators, 49 selective indicators having reduced into 5 significant factors and in sum determine 65.48 percent of the population variance, are effective on the development of educational and cultural services of Iran. In terms of development of desired services, 9 provinces are located in supra-developmental levels, 10 provinces in upper semi-developed level, 4 provinces in lower semi-developed level and 7 provinces in lower-developed level. To reduces the imbalance and inequality among the regions, multivariate regression predicts the proportion of the factor "educational-administrative and student personnel" more than other factors.

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The present paper aims to explore mechanisms for marketing in non-profit higher education institutions. In doing so, mix method design was applied. A purposive sample of 10 informants was selected. Findings were organized under mechanisms for marketing development in higher education. Based on qualitative findings, an initial questionnaire was designed. After ensuring its reliability and validity, we administered it with a sample of 120 non-profit deans of higher education institutions. Using PLS, first and second order factor analysis was used to validate the proposed model. Results are presented as follows: The components segmentation: geographical factors, demand behavior (behavior), demographic and psychological; the choice of target market part: components absorbers and market success factors in each section; in the mechanism of positioning: focus on customer perception ,emphasizing the competitive advantage and an emphasis on basic resources; and in mix marketing mechanism part: process, physical evidence, product (educational program), personnel, promotions and pricing were Confirmed.

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The main objective of this study was to assess health literacy-promoting lifestyles of health and environmental behavior of employees is Payam Noor university. This study is practical and descriptive, correlational to collect information from both library and field is used to test the hypothesis population of employees Payam Noor university Bojnoord considered that the 100 is VAZ all numerical method is used. Research instruments were Packer et al (2001) with Cronbach's alpha coefficient /.89 And health promoting lifestyle Walker and colleagues (1987), with Cronbach's alpha coefficient/. 82. Environmental behavior Heidari (1394) with alpha /.87 All times Type face and content validity was approved by the professors was a experts. Results in two parts: descriptive statistics such as frequency tables, mean and standard deviation and inferential been set regression To test the hypotheses, Pearson correlation coefficient was used for the data analysis software.  SPSS version 20 Ast . The findings show that between literacy and health promoting lifestyles of health and environmental behavior there is a significant positive relation. Health literacy important role in health promotion staff apartments available to improve the health literacy of individuals can take steps to strengthen environmental health behaviors and behavior.

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The purpose of this study is to investigate the social phenomenon of bullying among faculty members. In this way, various aspects of these issues were tried and presented with respect to the context of the institution of university in Iran. The present study was conducted within the framework of the qualitative approach and using the fundamental theory research method (with a Strauss and Corbin system look). For data collection, informative media, in-depth interviews and informal interviews were used. Selection of information media of the research was done purposefully and using sampling strategies with maximum variation and theoretical sampling. The research media included 32 faculty members  of comprehensive universities in Tehran. Data analysis was performed in three stages of open, axial, and selective coding.. According to the findings, the phenomenon of bullying in faculty members' relations in Iran's higher education has verbal, physical, or psychological and social dimensions(Phenomena). This phenomenon has arisen due to organizational and individual circumstances(Causal Conditions) and resulted in reactions such as avoidance, conflict, acceptance(Strategy). These reactions have been affected by the responses of the authorities, the persistence and common beliefs (intervening conditions), structure and academic culture (context), resulting in occupational, personal, social and economic vulnerability(Consequences)
 

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The purpose of this study is to reflection the social agency of female students in the course of socio-cultural transformation in the society, was designed in the interpretiveism paradigm and qualitative approach using phenomenological method. The data collection tool was a deep, unstructured interview. Participants included 60 faculty members, Social activists, and female students from four provinces of Gilan, Qom, Kurdistan and Sistan and Baluchestan selected by targeted strategies and sample with maximum diversity. Data were analyzed based on a seven-step Colaizzi's strategy and the obtained classes. The findings show that although some contributors "the damage caused by women's academic education" in areas such as " Lack of work for men "," delayed marriage "," full-time female out-of-home employment "," increased moral scrutiny "and even" serious divorce ", but they still believe that changes in the field of women and social change It depends on the increase of women's social empowerment, the point Haye is turning to the consequences of increasing access to higher education in the country, "the transformation of beliefs," "the new style of life for women," "the erosion of gender stereotypes," "understanding the new identity for girls," and "increasing the sense of empowerment" of these transformations.
 

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Advances in information technology have led to greater use by individuals as students have the best opportunity in school to learn science with their peers, so the education systemchr('39')s media literacy training for this group, especially courses Primary plays a special role in terms of effectiveness and institutionalization in society.
Thus, due to the importance of media literacy for children also due to the lack of research vacancy in this field, the topic of "Investigating how to teach media literacy to elementary students" was explored in this study.
The research method was qualitative research using content analysis technique and SWOT matrix data. The research findings showed how to teach media literacy to elementary students; For media literacy), the education system should also be identified using new educational methods, educational technologies, the use of social networks, the formation of workshops, the participation of students in discussion and discussion of media criticism and other factors identified. , The nature of media and the need for literacy learning Induce students with students

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Purpose of the present study is empowerment of schools with emphasis on social care system of students to present a model. The research method was mixed (qualitative - quantitative), in qualitative part grounded theory was used and descriptive-survey method was used in quantitative part. participants in the qualitative section included all those responsible the plan, specialists and experts in educational sciences, Sociology Psychology, Social Sciences and in quantitative part included all of the teachers in Area One of Sari and Neka provinces to count of 4171. Sampling method in qualitative part was Purposeful sampling and in quantitative art was Stratified random that 386 were selected as the sample population for study.The data collection tool in qualitative section was a semi-structured interview and in quantitative section was a researcher-made questionnaire derived from interviews. Data analysis was performed in qualitative part using coding and in quantitative part of structural modeling in PLS software. The results showed that the school empowerment model with emphasized social care system including the central component of the development of social care system management(Emotional, cognitive and behavioral),affective factors (internal factors and processes), contextual factors(processes and infrastructure),interventions(decreasing and incremental), strategies. (Predictive and Executable) and Consequences (External, Inter-System, Individual).

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The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between sustainable tourism development and improvement of social welfare indices based on structural equation analysis. Based on the new theoretical approaches, some hypotheses have been developed that this research is descriptive and correlational. The population of the study consisted of all the inhabitants of the villages of Koohrang city with 5 persons. Researcher-made questionnaires (using existing theoretical background) on tourism development, social welfare were used as research tools. Statistical analysis was performed based on structural equation using Spss and Amos software. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between tourism development and social, economic, legal, educational, demographic and social dimensions of social welfare. Also the regression values of the structural model indicate that the variable of rural tourism development among the social welfare dimensions has the most effect on the social dimension (ß=0.42) and then on the demographic dimension (ß=0.40) and economic dimension (ß=0.34) respectively.  legal dimension (V=0.28), biological dimension (ß=0.27) and least impact on educational welfare dimension (ß=0.24).
 

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The present study is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of how to collect data, it is a descriptive research of correlational type. The statistical population of the study is 430 teachers of Apadana Higher Education Institute in 2020; Of these, 203 people were selected based on Cochran's formula by simple random sampling. Data collection tools are Carroll Social Responsibility Questionnaire (1991), Akbari E-Learning Quality Questionnaire (2012) and a researcher-made questionnaire on the performance of higher education in the Corona crisis.The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by convergence and content and the reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. SPSS 25 software was used for data analysis in the inferential section and LISREL 8.8 software was used for path analysis. Model fit indices such as GFI, RMSEA and X2 / df were equal to 0.96, 0.08 and 2.21, respectively, which indicate a very good fit of the model in the statistical population of the research.

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The research was conducted with purpose study of Barriers to promoting the managerial position of women in education in Mazandaran province. This research in terms of purpose is applied and in terms of data collection method is descriptive. Statistical population includes all women (teacher, assistant, manager and education expert) employed in Mazandaran province education, 12000 people, finally, 350 people participated in the study. One-stage cluster sampling was used. After studying the theoretical foundations and scientific texts a researcher-made questionnaire was developed and its validity and reliability were confirmed by experts. After studying the theoretical foundations, a researcher-made questionnaire was developed and its validity and reliability were confirmed by experts. The results of exploratory factor analysis showed that social and cultural barriers with 18.47%, psychological barriers with 10%, family barriers with 9.32%, organizational barriers with 9.20% and managerial barriers with 6.78%, respectively. The 5 main reasons for the lack of managerial promotion of cultural women are. Also, in terms of cultural women, "childcare and education" had the highest average with 3.83% and "low creativity in women" with 1.96%.