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The present paper, from a sociological perspective, aims to study the proverb in novels taking Social Participation as one of the factors of social capital in Bahmanyari's novels. Proverbs as the internal voice of each nation are seen as the reflection of the most hidden agenda of the people's lives as well as a reliable source for the studies on anthropology, sociology and psychology. The research Social Participation in proverbs as a part in the popular culture can make us aware of the amount of the reflection of the Social Participation aspects in traditional societies and have an influential effect on the facilitation of purposeful actions in the today's society.

The investigation of 6016 Proverbs in Bahmanyari's novel book demonstrates that among different factors of social capital, Social Participation is considered as one of the most intensive social and ethical issues in traditional societies. Participation after trust is the second factor that is repeated in the novel and with bilateral indices it is divided into two-way participation, the other side participation, obligatory participation, participation based on the division of work, instrumental participation and counseling participation. The study concludes that among the different types of participation, the other side participation has the highest effect.

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The quality and extent of activity and working play a significant role in the social development of a society and the people's desire for activity depends on the psychological characteristics that are determined by the lifestyle of the community and family's cultural background. The evaluation of this component in Persian Proverbs and Mottos can be a good basis for understanding the functioning of the phrases related to the activity and work in folk literature. Proverbs and mottos as one of the most influential parts of folk literature, on the one hand, are the manifestation of mental states and dialectal desires of a native speakers in a language and also they have profound effects on the lifestyles of individuals in a community and affect the quality of the component of "activity" during the formation of a lifestyle. Considering the Adler's psychological thoughts and the pathology of proverbs in Dehkhoda’s Proverbs and Mottos (Amsalo Hekam), with analytical content analysis method, we can grasp the profound understanding of the harm and the benefits of this part of Iran's folk culture and literature for the component of social activity.