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Educational and cultural services in different regions of Iran have been distributed unequally in such a way that Yazd province has the most and Sistan and Baluchistan province has the least amount of educational and cultural services in national level. Therefore, the present study has been conducted with this objective to identify factors affecting the development of mentioned services, determine the centralism levels of the provinces and predict factors affecting the improvement of the status quo. The method employed in this research is descriptive-analytical which was conducted using models of factor analysis, concentration coefficient, educational services and cultural development indicator (ECDI) and multivariate regression. The findings of the present study indicate that from 64 primary indicators, 49 selective indicators having reduced into 5 significant factors and in sum determine 65.48 percent of the population variance, are effective on the development of educational and cultural services of Iran. In terms of development of desired services, 9 provinces are located in supra-developmental levels, 10 provinces in upper semi-developed level, 4 provinces in lower semi-developed level and 7 provinces in lower-developed level. To reduces the imbalance and inequality among the regions, multivariate regression predicts the proportion of the factor "educational-administrative and student personnel" more than other factors.

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This study aimed to investigate the impact of social background of students on two important aspects of behaviors related to health that are feeding and sport. The sample is gathered among gifted and ordinary students of Rasht city. There were 2 schools for gifted students that belong to boys and girls and also for ordinary students. After all, sample volume reached at 101 gifted and 118 ordinary students. For achieving more accurate and deeper data, 54 parents of first group and 74 of second were included. For making sure of maximum accuracy of findings, associative triangulation was used. The results show that gifted students are rooted in petit-bourgeois class and the subclass which owns high cultural capital. These people, in food, pay attention in Form, Presentation and healthiness and in sports look for being unique, and the effects which it has on the soul and body. In contrast, ordinary students who go to public schools have origins in worker class and follow the taste of necessity. For them, the most important features in foods are those who relate to energy and in sports, those who need high power and few requirements are in high priority.

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Abstract

The main objective of this paper is to identify and evaluate women’s status in cultural policies and planning of the first to fifth development plan of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Two other objectives of the study are as follows: to evaluate the success of cultural plans and policies in development plans and to recognize the pattern of cultural policy and planning of the Islamic Republic about women.

The method of study is descriptive analytical method and data collection method is library-based. The unit of analysis is the first to fifth development plans of the Islamic Republic of Iran between 1989 and 2015. Data for this study were collected from primary and secondary sources. Primary sources include official government reports, especially the reports of the Management and Planning Organization, the Statistical Centre of Iran, Center for Women’s Participation, Plan and Budget Organization, the laws of development plans of the Islamic Republic and staff policies of the Cultural Revolution; and secondary sources include books and magazines.

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This study  aimed  at  investing types and degree of social deviation a many 12-18 years old students of Sari city in academic year 1394-95. the data for the study comes from 384 students, selected by the use of stratified sampling, factor analysis is utilized to classify around 50 Likert-type questions related to different areas of social deviation, to identify main types of deviations, t-tests& Anova are used to examine the existence of meaningful differences a many students subgroups .Finding  show that 5 types of deviations are experienced by the students, including drug addiction(5.5%),vandalism(8.3%)cultural deviations(9.6%)new-formed deviations(14.5%), and nature deviations(15.6%).

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One of the main roles of universities is entrepreneurship culture development among students. Accordingly, the aim of this study was investigating influence of internal factors in university on the entrepreneurial culture development among agricultural students of Hamedan Universities. This descriptive research has done by survey method and questionnaire instrument. Research population were included agricultural students of Bu-Ali Sina, Payam Noor and Applied Science Universities (640 students) that selected 160 students as study sample based on Cochran formula. Findings showed that variable suitable creating conditions only have not significant effect among seven factors of internal factors in university. Also, creativity culture had the most impact on entrepreneurial culture. Also, conceptual model of study was good fitness. In finally, according to results, some recommendations have presented at the end of article.

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This study aimed to assess the impact of agricultural development projects on social isolation. Issues and concerns of the researchers in this study, according perpetrators of development projects on the economy of the local community in particular and the national economy, economic self-sufficiency in agricultural production and optimize the use of water in general and forgetting social and cultural impact of the project, In which called the impact on the local community. Research methodology is based on qualitative approach, strategy of induction and grounded theory made by using techniques of in-depth interviews, participant observation, focus group discussions and researcher five-year lived experience. The sample of research was choice by targeted sampling, to determine the theoretical saturation. Data analysis has been done as well as thematic analysis and the three-step data encoding method. The findings suggest a series of conditions and factors driving strengthen the bond of community with broader communities including urban and rural, and therefore the local community based on the conditions and driving factors removed from social isolation. These findings have been associated with the concepts of Dauers dilemma consolidated view and a confirmation emphasis on its content.

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  this article
studies the use of cultural spaces in Tehran. Cultural spaces in Tehran have seen changes in parallel with other city spaces over the past two decades that
In this paper, we tried to address the features of the new spaces.These changes are physical, content and functional.The two campuses of cinematic Azadi and Mellat are the subject of this study.This research is in a qualitative way and by Using the two tools of interview and observation.

In the same vein, Henry Lefebvre's French philosopher and sociologist (1901-1991) have been used to analyze the findings.
 

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With the development of human societies and the promotion of human social needs for a better life and also restriction of residential space for doing some of them, necessity to participate in  Communal spaces For doing some human activities is utmost important. Cultural centers provide fertile ground for developing social sustainability, because of having informal spaces and programs along with other functions. The aim of this paper is Understanding social sustainability indicators in contemporary cultural centers and presenting analysis Models of this indicators. The studied population in this study is Cultural centers of Tehran that 5 of them were selected in targeted sampling form. The Research Methodology that used in this study is based on practical purpose and have Descriptive - Analysis nature. Information collected in the two documents as well as library studies and field observations have been made.and also for evaluating and prioritizing presented indicators in analytical model, Network analysis (ANP) was used. Results revealed that among the main criteria obtained from investigation, “The mental environmental component” And "objective environmental components" have most importance in achieving social sustainability in cultural centers.

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Globalization as a new source of historical change, has changed our social - cultural lifeworld in a manner distinct from previous forms. The paper based on Ingelehart periodic change theory and the theory of Bollas generation formation, has evaluated the difference in generational identity in the light of globalization experience and processes. Accordingly, the paper argues that the formation of generational mentality and experience in the era of globalization is distinct from traditional identification patterns and hence the construction of social identity and lifestyle of children more than their parents' generation is confronted by objects coming from globalization. Methodologically, this study has been conducted Using the survey method through questionnaires between the two generation groups  in the city of Sanandaj (Kurdistan, Iran). The research findings indicate that lifestyle  in children generation is affected by norms and global objects more than parents' generations. Globalization of lifestyle by factors such as "consumption norms", "spending the leisure", "family behaviors", " language belongings" and "values and beliefs" is observed among the generation of the children more than generation of parents. The results also indicate that adherence to the global lifestyle is observed among the high educated classes of society more than less educated classes. 

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The education system plays a key role in relation to education,cultural heritage and consequently, strengthen national identity but in case of inability and inefficiency of the educational system for training in cultural heritage and strengthening national identity,citizens,students can of national identity and cultural heritage alienated.This is due to the centralized system of curriculum and information and communication technologies such as the Internet and satellite will double role.Due to this,this article’s goal are that qualitative content analysis method to pay that in book school as one of the most effective public education programs to what extent the issue has been dealt with cultural heritage?In order to access research purposes,the literature review component of the built heritage,after research data with qualitative methods in school textbooks were collected.The results showed that despite taking a part of the PersianBook this period as a"national homeland"and the brief refers to nationalfigures, mythology,customs and national holidays in other books of this period;Because of the importance of the subject and also primary targets in this regard is still to be felt weakness and in the beginning we are and the need for more coherent training component of cultural heritage in order to strengthen national identity to be felt

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The present study seeks to investigate the role of cultural-historical attractions of rural destinations in the development of cultural tourism in the rural areas. This is an applied research conducted in a descriptive-analytical method. Based on studies on two cities of Mashhad and Binalud, 14 rural areas with­ historical and cultural attractions were selected as the sample. Using Cochran's formula, the volume of tourists and the host community was determined 196 and 222 respectively. The scope of analysis in this study was "households". The data acquired from questionnaires were analyzed using the statistical analysis methods. The findings show that in these villages, attractions, facilities, services and cultural factors higher than the moderate level, can totally have a positive effect on socio-cultural, cultural-environmental development and development of cultural tourism in general. Besides, in ARAS model for socio-cultural dimension of cultural tourism, the village of Miami was on the top, and the village of Chahak was in the last place. Also according to the research findings, despite many problems in the study area, taking care of the facilities and rural infrastructure of the villages with tourist attractions and relevant advertisements in Mashhad ­can make way for growth of cultural tourism

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This study aims at comparing teacher feedback to peer feedback. A group of 18 Iranian FL learners of Safir Language Academy and an FL teacher were participants of this study. The learners were divided into nine dyads and they participated in four essay writing sessions. The participants wrote on the same topic and genre and their written drafts were reviewed by both peers and the teacher. The sociocultural theory was used as the framework of this study and comments were analyzed based on two models. Firstly, they were categorized into local or global comments. Secondly, they were classified into four major categories, namely clarity, problem, explain, and suggestion.  Based on the findings, both teacher and learners were concerned with local matters during peer feedback and showed less interest in addressing global matters of writing. Moreover, the analysis of the comments indicated that the most frequent feedback type produced by the teacher was explain while the least frequent one was problem. Conversely, the most frequent peer feedback was problem and the least frequent one was explain. The results of the current study have some implications for English instructors and learners.

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In this paper, with the aim of evaluating the position of cultural spaces in contemporary urban development plans, it is first to calculate the extent of the shortage of any cultural needs with the standard per capita amount; Then, using Topsis Technique, based on the current per capita levels of educational, religious, social, tourism, recreational and sports services in detailed plans, ranking the metropolitan areas of Isfahan in terms of access to services cultural. In the next step, in order to analyze and evaluate the proposed per capita in the comprehensive, the relationship between the population of the city with per capita and the area of each cultural land use, and the area and per capita relationship of each of them were analyzed using SPSS software So, in each of the meaningful relationships identified, the functions of the 10 statistical predictions are obtained and the optimal functions are selected. The results of Regression relations show that in the comprehensive plan of the city of Isfahan, there are no relationships and systematic practices for per capita of social and cultural land use. 

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The statistical population of this study is all farmers in Garmsar County, which according to the statistics of the Agricultural Department, the number of them is 5675 people. Of these, 366 people were selected randomly according to the Cochran formula, and information were gathered through a researcher-made questionnaire. The research method is quantitative and we have tried to use the multivariate modeling of structural equation to test the model derived from the theoretical framework of the research. The theoretical framework of research is the theory of peasant subculture and Bourdieu's theory of cultural, social and economic capital types. The findings show that experimental data support the theoretical model based on different types of processing indicators. Also, the assumptions that indicate a meaningful relationship between different types of capital and peasant subculture were confirmed, and those that emphasized the existence of a meaningful relationship between different types of capital and the attitude towards water use in agriculture were rejected. There is also a significant relationship between peasant subculture and the attitude towards water use in agriculture. According to the final result, various types of economic, cultural and social capital indirectly affect the attitude toward water use through the peasant subculture variables.

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Access to justice is a concept that implies the practical and operational dimension of accessing individuals in judicial institutions and solving their legal problems.Equality of access to justice for all segments of society is really important, but most women have faced difficulties in accessing judicial institutions, especially in family matters.The emphasis of this paper is on the impact of cultural barriers on women's access to family justice within the current context of society. With regard to the annual growth of women who go to family courts, consideration of the issue from the perspective of women can be more important.Based on this, a qualitative method is adopted with deep interview technique. The findings of the study are the result of in-depth interviews with 50 women having experience of family court. The results of this research show that, from the perspective of respondents, the effective cultural barriers to access to family justice are including cultural values, lack of self-confidence and self-esteem, religious beliefs, education and specialized knowledge of the subject, patriarchy, language, structure and gender stereotypes.Also, according to the intersectional theory, the intersection of cultural barriers with the underlying factors of the respondents can be formed different experiences within the same context.

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The purpose of this study is to reflection the social agency of female students in the course of socio-cultural transformation in the society, was designed in the interpretiveism paradigm and qualitative approach using phenomenological method. The data collection tool was a deep, unstructured interview. Participants included 60 faculty members, Social activists, and female students from four provinces of Gilan, Qom, Kurdistan and Sistan and Baluchestan selected by targeted strategies and sample with maximum diversity. Data were analyzed based on a seven-step Colaizzi's strategy and the obtained classes. The findings show that although some contributors "the damage caused by women's academic education" in areas such as " Lack of work for men "," delayed marriage "," full-time female out-of-home employment "," increased moral scrutiny "and even" serious divorce ", but they still believe that changes in the field of women and social change It depends on the increase of women's social empowerment, the point Haye is turning to the consequences of increasing access to higher education in the country, "the transformation of beliefs," "the new style of life for women," "the erosion of gender stereotypes," "understanding the new identity for girls," and "increasing the sense of empowerment" of these transformations.
 

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The taste and fashion for Bourdieu is an obvious and simple thing in the nature of modern society, and can be understood by the social hierarchy of society. one of the most important factors in this research is that there are several factors in this research to be part of it in terms of globalization in the culture sphere. The aim of this study was to understand the relationship of cultural globalization and consumption tastes in the  thirty-year-old generation (the decades of 1350 to 1370 AD) in the city Shiraz. Data from the survey on 425 women and men gathered and analyzed have been exposed. The results show that cultural globalization has had a great influence on the consumption tastes of this generation; Among the variables of cultural globalization, individualism (32.6), ICT (6.5) and Reflexivity (2.8) significant relationship with the dependent variable respectively, Which together could explain about 42% of respondents' tastes; This number tells us that 42% of  respondents' tastes variations are affected by the variables of globalization.

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This study primarily aims to examine the cultural and demographic foundations of social trust. The research findings presented and discussed in this paper are based on a survey that includes a total sample of 5200 males and females residing in varying rural and urban areas across Iran. In order to examine social trust more appropriately, it has been classified into three main domains: trust towards family members, trust towards relatives and friends, and trust towards the officials so-called ‘institutional trust’.
Generally speaking, the results of this study have shown that about 95 per cent of the respondents trust family members. The corresponding proportions are approximately two-third and one-third for trust towards relatives and friends and towards institutional trust, respectively. Furthermore, the results have indicated that while the trust towards family members is not significantly affected by socio-demographic determinants, the opposite applies to the two other domains of social trust, particularly to the institutional trust. This suggests that the institutional trust in particular is substantially affected by such demographic determinants as age, gender, place of residence, and education as well as by the determinants associated with religiosity and gender attitude.

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The purpose of this study was to analyze the content of social studies textbooks of elementary school based on multicultural education. The research method was quantitative content analysis. The statistical population of the study was social studies textbooks of the second elementary school. The statistical sample was also social studies textbooks of the second elementary school. The data collection tool was a multicultural training component checklist that extracted based on literature. The results show that the most attention and frequency related to the component of the reflection of ethnic, religious, and linguistic diversity (53 cases) and the least frequency  was in components of approximation to other religions (0 case), Anti-discrimination and racial prejudice training (0 case) and equal distribution of resources and educational opportunities (0 case). Since elementary school textbooks have received little attention to multicultural education and components such as non-racial bias, and equitable distribution of educational resources, it is expected that curriculum developers at the national level pay more attention to these components in the new curricula.